N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 16;24(4):3997. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043997.
Biomass-derived C6-furanic compounds have become the cornerstone of sustainable technologies. The key feature of this field of chemistry is the involvement of the natural process only in the first step, i.e., the production of biomass by photosynthesis. Biomass-to-HMF (5-hydroxymethylfurfural) conversion and further transformations are carried out externally with the involvement of processes with poor environmental factors (E-factors) and the generation of chemical wastes. Due to widespread interest, the chemical conversion of biomass to furanic platform chemicals and related transformations are thoroughly studied and well-reviewed in the current literature. In contrast, a novel opportunity is based on an alternative approach to consider the synthesis of C6-furanics inside living cells using natural metabolism, as well as further transformations to a variety of functionalized products. In the present article, we review naturally occurring substances containing C6-furanic cores and focus on the diversity of C6-furanic derivatives, occurrence, properties and synthesis. From the practical point of view, organic synthesis involving natural metabolism is advantageous in terms of sustainability (sunlight-driven as the only energy source) and green nature (no eco-persisted chemical wastes).
生物量衍生的 C6-呋喃化合物已成为可持续技术的基石。该化学领域的主要特点是仅在第一步中涉及自然过程，即光合作用产生生物质。生物质到 HMF（5-羟甲基糠醛）的转化和进一步的转化是在外部进行的，涉及环境因素较差（E 因子）的过程和化学废物的产生。由于广泛的兴趣，生物质向呋喃平台化学品的化学转化及相关转化在当前文献中得到了深入研究和综述。相比之下，一种新的机会是基于替代方法来考虑使用天然代谢在活细胞内合成 C6-呋喃类化合物，以及进一步转化为各种功能化产品。在本文中，我们综述了含有 C6-呋喃核的天然存在的物质，并重点介绍了 C6-呋喃衍生物的多样性、存在、性质和合成。从实际的角度来看，涉及天然代谢的有机合成在可持续性方面（阳光驱动作为唯一的能源）和绿色性质（没有生态持续的化学废物）具有优势。
