Wu Congxian, Chen Huilin, Yuan Mingyue, Zhang Meiru, Abubakar Yakubu Saddeeq, Chen Xin, Zhong Haoming, Zheng Wenhui, Zheng Huawei, Zhou Jie
Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2023 Jan 21;9(2):145. doi: 10.3390/jof9020145.
The AP1 complex is a highly conserved clathrin adaptor that plays important roles in regulating cargo protein sorting and intracellular vesicle trafficking in eukaryotes. However, the functions of the AP1 complex in the plant pathogenic fungi including the devastating wheat pathogen are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the biological functions of FgAP1, a subunit of the AP1 complex in . Disruption of FgAP1 causes seriously impaired fungal vegetative growth, conidiogenesis, sexual development, pathogenesis, and deoxynivalenol (DON) production. The Δ mutants were found to be less sensitive to KCl- and sorbitol-induced osmotic stresses but more sensitive to SDS-induced stress than the wild-type PH-1. Although the growth inhibition rate of the Δ mutants was not significantly changed under calcofluor white (CFW) and Congo red (CR) stresses, the protoplasts released from Δ hyphae were decreased compared with the wild-type PH-1, suggesting that FgAP1 is necessary for cell wall integrity and osmotic stresses in . Subcellular localization assays showed that FgAP1 was predominantly localized to endosomes and the Golgi apparatus. In addition, FgAP1-GFP, FgAP1-GFP, and FgAP1-GFP also localize to the Golgi apparatus. FgAP1 interacts with FgAP1, FgAP1, and FgAP1, while FgAP1 regulates the expression of , , and in . Furthermore, the loss of blocks the transportation of the v-SNARE protein FgSnc1 from the Golgi to the plasma membrane and delays the internalization of FM4-64 dye into the vacuole. Taken together, our results demonstrate that FgAP1 plays vital roles in vegetative growth, conidiogenesis, sexual reproduction, DON production, pathogenicity, cell wall integrity, osmotic stress, exocytosis, and endocytosis in . These findings unveil the functions of the AP1 complex in filamentous fungi, most notably in , and lay solid foundations for effective prevention and control of Fusarium head blight (FHB).
AP1复合物是一种高度保守的网格蛋白衔接蛋白，在真核生物中调节货物蛋白分选和细胞内囊泡运输方面发挥着重要作用。然而，AP1复合物在包括毁灭性小麦病原菌在内的植物病原真菌中的功能仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们研究了禾谷镰刀菌中AP1复合物的一个亚基FgAP1的生物学功能。FgAP1的缺失导致真菌营养生长、分生孢子形成、有性发育、致病性和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）产生严重受损。发现Δ突变体对KCl和山梨醇诱导的渗透胁迫不太敏感，但比野生型PH-1对SDS诱导的胁迫更敏感。尽管在荧光增白剂（CFW）和刚果红（CR）胁迫下，Δ突变体的生长抑制率没有显著变化，但与野生型PH-1相比，从Δ菌丝释放的原生质体减少，这表明FgAP1对禾谷镰刀菌的细胞壁完整性和渗透胁迫是必需的。亚细胞定位分析表明，FgAP1主要定位于内体和高尔基体。此外，FgAP1-GFP、FgAP1-GFP和FgAP1-GFP也定位于高尔基体。FgAP1与FgAP1、FgAP1和FgAP1相互作用，而FgAP1调节禾谷镰刀菌中、和的表达。此外，的缺失阻止了v-SNARE蛋白FgSnc1从高尔基体到质膜的运输，并延迟了FM4-64染料进入液泡的内化。综上所述，我们的结果表明FgAP1在禾谷镰刀菌的营养生长、分生孢子形成、有性繁殖、DON产生、致病性、细胞壁完整性、渗透胁迫、胞吐作用和内吞作用中起着至关重要的作用。这些发现揭示了AP1复合物在丝状真菌中的功能，尤其是在禾谷镰刀菌中的功能，为有效预防和控制小麦赤霉病奠定了坚实基础。
