Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzikow, 05-870 Blonie, Poland.
Professor Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology-State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Aug 17;24(16):12894. doi: 10.3390/ijms241612894.
is a cosmopolitan fungal pathogen that destroys cereal production, in terms of loss of yield and grain contamination with mycotoxins, worldwide. Chitosan is a natural biopolymer abundant in the environment with proven antifungal properties that also acts as a plant immunity elicitor. Despite a number of articles, there is a lack of systematic comparison of antifungal activity of diverse batches of chitosan. The current study aimed to test the inhibitory effects of a collection of diverse chitosan samples on the growth and production of toxins, validated by changes in the transcriptome. Experiments included testing antifungal activity of different chitosan samples, the application of the best performing one in vitro to investigate the impact on growth, followed by analyzing its effect on toxins accumulation, and transcriptomics in the barley leaf pathosystem. Confirmatory antifungal assays revealed that CS_10, a specific batch of chitosan, retarded growth with an application concentration of 200 ppm, significantly reducing toxin synthesis and disease symptoms in -inoculated barley leaves. RNA-Seq analysis of in barley leaf pathosystem exposed to CS_10 showed a list of differentially expressed genes involved in redox balance, cell respiration, nutrient transport, cell wall degradation enzymes, ergosterol biosynthesis, and trichothecenes production. The genes functioning in these essential pathways are discussed and assigned as critical checkpoints to control infections. The results suggest some important molecular targets in that may be suitable in gene-specific targeting or transgene-free methods, such as spray-induced gene silencing during host-pathogen interactions.
是一种世界性的真菌病原体，它会破坏谷物的产量，导致全球范围内的产量损失和谷物受到真菌毒素的污染。壳聚糖是一种在环境中丰富的天然生物聚合物，具有已被证实的抗真菌特性，同时也可以作为植物免疫的激发剂。尽管有许多相关文章，但对于不同批次壳聚糖的抗真菌活性缺乏系统的比较。本研究旨在测试一系列不同壳聚糖样品对生长和毒素产生的抑制作用，通过转录组的变化进行验证。实验包括测试不同壳聚糖样品的抗真菌活性，应用表现最佳的壳聚糖样品进行体外研究，以分析其对生长的影响，然后分析其对毒素积累和大麦叶片病理系统中转录组的影响。确认性抗真菌测定表明，CS_10 是一种特定批次的壳聚糖，在 200ppm 的应用浓度下延缓了生长，显著降低了接种大麦叶片中毒素的合成和疾病症状。在暴露于 CS_10 的大麦叶片病理系统中对进行 RNA-Seq 分析显示了一组涉及氧化还原平衡、细胞呼吸、养分运输、细胞壁降解酶、麦角固醇生物合成和单端孢霉烯族毒素产生的差异表达基因。讨论了在这些重要途径中起作用的基因，并将其指定为控制感染的关键检查点。研究结果表明，中可能存在一些重要的分子靶标，这些靶标可能适合于基因特异性靶向或无转基因方法，例如在宿主-病原体相互作用期间进行喷雾诱导的基因沉默。
