Lok Bronwyn, Babu Dinesh, Tabana Yasser, Dahham Saad Sabbar, Adam Mowaffaq Adam Ahmed, Barakat Khaled, Sandai Doblin
Department of Biomedical Science, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas 13200, Penang, Malaysia.
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
Life (Basel). 2023 Jan 28;13(2):346. doi: 10.3390/life13020346.
The fruits, leaves, and bark of the guava () tree have traditionally been used to treat a myriad of ailments, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions. The various parts of the plant have been shown to exhibit medicinal properties, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. Recent studies have shown that the bioactive phytochemicals of several parts of the plant exhibit anticancer activity. This review aims to present a concise summary of the in vitro and in vivo studies investigating the anticancer activity of the plant against various human cancer cell lines and animal models, including the identified phytochemicals that contributes to their activity via the different mechanisms. In vitro growth and cell viability studies, such as the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, and the trypan blue exclusion test, were conducted using extracts and their biomolecules to assess their effects on human cancer cell lines. Numerous studies have showcased that the plant and its bioactive molecules, especially those extracted from its leaves, selectively suppress the growth of human cancer cells without cytotoxicity against the normal cells. This review presents the potential of the extracts of and the bioactive molecules derived from it, to be utilized as a feasible alternative or adjuvant treatment for human cancers. The availability of the plant also contributes towards its viability as a cancer treatment in developing countries.
番石榴树的果实、叶子和树皮传统上被用于治疗多种疾病，尤其是在热带和亚热带地区。该植物的各个部分已被证明具有药用特性，如抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎和抗糖尿病活性。最近的研究表明，番石榴树几个部分的生物活性植物化学物质具有抗癌活性。本综述旨在简要总结体外和体内研究，这些研究调查了该植物对各种人类癌细胞系和动物模型的抗癌活性，包括已确定的通过不同机制促成其活性的植物化学物质。使用番石榴提取物及其生物分子进行了体外生长和细胞活力研究，如3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT)测定、磺酰罗丹明B(SRB)测定和台盼蓝排斥试验，以评估它们对人类癌细胞系的影响。大量研究表明，番石榴树及其生物活性分子，尤其是从其叶子中提取的那些，能选择性地抑制人类癌细胞的生长，而对正常细胞无细胞毒性。本综述介绍了番石榴提取物及其衍生的生物活性分子作为人类癌症可行的替代或辅助治疗方法的潜力。该植物的可得性也有助于其在发展中国家作为癌症治疗方法的可行性。
