Jamieson Sarah, Wallace Carly E, Das Niranjan, Bhattacharyya Piyali, Bishayee Anupam
Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA.
Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Belonia, Tripura, India.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(2):192-223. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1945531. Epub 2021 Jul 21.
Guava ( L.) tree (Myrtaceae family) bears fruit rich in vitamins, fiber, and other nutrients. While native to Latin America, guava is grown in many tropical and subtropical regions across the globe where it has long been used in traditional medicine to treat a myriad of ailments. Guava has been shown to exhibit a number of biological and pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties. Several parts of the plant, including the leaves, fruits, seeds, peels, pulp, bark, and oil, produce phytochemicals with medicinal properties. Emerging research has found that guava bioactive phytochemicals exert antitumorigenic effects against various human malignancies through multiple mechanisms. While there are numerous individual studies that document the anticancer effects of guava constituents, an up-to-date, comprehensive, and critical review of available research data has not been performed. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to present a complete analysis of the cancer preventive and anticancer therapeutic potential of guava-derived products and guava constituents, with a focus on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. The bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of guava as well as limitations, challenges, and future directions of research have also been discussed.
番石榴（Psidium guajava L.）树（桃金娘科）结出的果实富含维生素、纤维和其他营养成分。虽然番石榴原产于拉丁美洲，但在全球许多热带和亚热带地区都有种植，长期以来一直被用于传统医学治疗多种疾病。番石榴已被证明具有多种生物学和药理活性，如抗氧化、抗炎、免疫调节、抗菌、抗糖尿病和抗癌特性。该植物的几个部位，包括叶子、果实、种子、果皮、果肉、树皮和油，都能产生具有药用特性的植物化学物质。新兴研究发现，番石榴生物活性植物化学物质通过多种机制对各种人类恶性肿瘤发挥抗肿瘤作用。虽然有许多单独的研究记录了番石榴成分的抗癌作用，但尚未对现有研究数据进行最新、全面和批判性的综述。因此，本综述的目的是全面分析番石榴衍生产品和番石榴成分的癌症预防和抗癌治疗潜力，重点关注其细胞和分子作用机制。还讨论了番石榴的生物利用度、药代动力学和毒性以及研究的局限性、挑战和未来方向。
