NOVA Medical School, New University of Lisbon, 1300 Lisbon, Portugal.
Department of Intensive Care, Hospital de São Francisco Xavier, CHLO, 1449 Lisbon, Portugal.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Jan 19;59(2):199. doi: 10.3390/medicina59020199.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common ICU-acquired infection among patients under mechanical ventilation (MV). It may occur in up to 50% of mechanically ventilated patients and is associated with an increased duration of MV, antibiotic consumption, increased morbidity, and mortality. VAP prevention is a multifaceted priority of the intensive care team. The use of specialized artificial airways and other devices can have an impact on the prevention of VAP. However, these devices can also have adverse effects, and aspects of their efficacy in the prevention of VAP are still a matter of debate. This article provides a narrative review of how different airway and respiratory devices may help to reduce the incidence of VAP.
呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）是机械通气（MV）患者中最常见的 ICU 获得性感染。它可能发生在多达 50%的机械通气患者中，并与 MV 时间延长、抗生素使用增加、发病率和死亡率增加有关。VAP 的预防是重症监护团队的一个多方面的重点。使用专门的人工气道和其他设备会影响 VAP 的预防。然而，这些设备也可能有不良影响，它们在预防 VAP 方面的疗效方面仍存在争议。本文综述了不同的气道和呼吸设备如何有助于降低 VAP 的发生率。
