Fanani María Laura, Ambroggio Ernesto Esteban
Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina.
Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina.
Membranes (Basel). 2023 Feb 3;13(2):190. doi: 10.3390/membranes13020190.
In this revision work, we emphasize the close relationship between the action of phospholipases and the modulation of membrane curvature and curvature stress resulting from this activity. The alteration of the tridimensional structure of membranes upon the action of phospholipases is analyzed based on studies on model lipid membranes. The transient unbalance of both compositional and physical membrane properties between the hemilayers upon phospholipase activity lead to curvature tension and the catalysis of several membrane-related processes. Several proteins' membrane-bound and soluble forms are susceptible to regulation by the curvature stress induced by phospholipase action, which has important consequences in cell signaling. Additionally, the modulation of membrane fusion by phospholipase products regulates membrane dynamics in several cellular scenarios. We commented on vesicle fusion in the Golgi-endoplasmic system, synaptic vesicle fusion to the plasma membrane, viral membrane fusion to host cell plasma membrane and gametes membrane fusion upon acrosomal reaction. Furthermore, we explored the modulation of membrane fusion by the asymmetric adsorption of amphiphilic drugs. A deep understanding of the relevance of lipid membrane structure, particularly membrane curvature and curvature stress, on different cellular events leads to the challenge of its regulation, which may become a powerful tool for pharmacological therapy.
在这项修订工作中，我们强调磷脂酶的作用与膜曲率调节以及由此活动产生的曲率应力之间的密切关系。基于对模型脂质膜的研究，分析了磷脂酶作用下膜三维结构的改变。磷脂酶活性作用下，半层之间膜的组成和物理性质的瞬时失衡会导致曲率张力，并催化几个与膜相关的过程。几种蛋白质的膜结合形式和可溶性形式易受磷脂酶作用诱导的曲率应力的调节，这在细胞信号传导中具有重要意义。此外，磷脂酶产物对膜融合的调节在几种细胞情况下调节膜动力学。我们评论了高尔基体 - 内质网系统中的囊泡融合、突触小泡与质膜的融合、病毒膜与宿主细胞质膜的融合以及顶体反应时配子膜的融合。此外，我们探讨了两亲性药物的不对称吸附对膜融合的调节。深入理解脂质膜结构，特别是膜曲率和曲率应力，在不同细胞事件中的相关性，引发了对其调节的挑战，这可能成为药物治疗的有力工具。
