Ngoubangoye Barthelémy, Fouchet David, Boundenga Larson Amédée, Cassan Cécile, Arnathau Céline, Meugnier Helene, Tsoumbou Thierry-Audrey, Dibakou Serge Ely, Otsaghe Ekore Désiré, Nguema Yasmine Okomo, Moukodoum Nancy Diamella, Mabicka Arsene, Ferry Tristan, Rasigade Jean Phillipe, Prugnolle Franck, Bañuls Anne-Laure, Renaud François, Pontier Dominique
Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon.
CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR5558, Université de Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
Microorganisms. 2023 Feb 3;11(2):393. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11020393.
Although antibiotic resistance is a major issue for both human and animal health, very few studies have investigated the role of the bacterial host spectrum in its dissemination within natural ecosystems. Here, we assessed the prevalence of methicillin resistance among (MRSA) isolates from humans, non-human primates (NHPs), micromammals and bats in a primatology center located in southeast Gabon, and evaluated the plausibility of four main predictions regarding the acquisition of antibiotic resistance in this ecosystem. MRSA strain prevalence was much higher in exposed species (i.e., humans and NHPs which receive antibiotic treatment) than in unexposed species (micromammals and bats), and in NHP species living in enclosures than those in captivity-supporting the assumption that antibiotic pressure is a risk factor in the acquisition of MRSA that is reinforced by the irregularity of drug treatment. In the two unexposed groups of species, resistance prevalence was high in the generalist strains that infect humans or NHPs, supporting the hypothesis that MRSA strains diffuse to wild species through interspecific transmission of a generalist strain. Strikingly, the generalist strains that were not found in humans showed a higher proportion of MRSA strains than specialist strains, suggesting that generalist strains present a greater potential for the acquisition of antibiotic resistance than specialist strains. The host spectrum is thus a major component of the issue of antibiotic resistance in ecosystems where humans apply strong antibiotic pressure.
尽管抗生素耐药性对人类和动物健康都是一个重大问题，但很少有研究调查细菌宿主谱在其于自然生态系统中传播的作用。在此，我们评估了加蓬东南部一个灵长类动物研究中心来自人类、非人类灵长类动物（NHPs）、小型哺乳动物和蝙蝠的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）分离株中耐甲氧西林的流行情况，并评估了关于该生态系统中抗生素耐药性获得的四个主要预测的合理性。MRSA菌株在暴露物种（即接受抗生素治疗的人类和NHPs）中的流行率远高于未暴露物种（小型哺乳动物和蝙蝠），并且在圈养环境中的NHP物种中高于圈养支持环境中的物种——这支持了抗生素压力是获得MRSA的一个风险因素这一假设，而药物治疗的不规律性会加剧这种情况。在两组未暴露物种中，感染人类或NHPs的广谱菌株中的耐药流行率较高，这支持了MRSA菌株通过广谱菌株的种间传播扩散到野生物种的假设。引人注目的是，在人类中未发现的广谱菌株中MRSA菌株的比例高于专一性菌株，这表明广谱菌株比专一性菌株具有更大的获得抗生素耐药性的潜力。因此，在人类施加强大抗生素压力的生态系统中，宿主谱是抗生素耐药性问题的一个主要组成部分。
