Supronienė Skaidrė, Kadžienė Gražina, Shamshitov Arman, Veršulienė Agnė, Šneideris Donatas, Ivanauskas Algirdas, Žvirdauskienė Renata
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai Distr., Lithuania.
Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str. 2, LT-608412 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Feb 20;12(4):966. doi: 10.3390/plants12040966.
The establishment of the harmful pathogen in different agroecosystems may strongly depend on the ability of the soils to suppress its development and survival. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different soil tillage systems (i.e., conventional tillage, reduced tillage and no-tillage) on soil fungistasis against . Soil samples were collected three times during the plant growing season in 2016 and 2017 from a long-term, 20-year soil tillage experiment. The in the soil samples was quantified by real-time qPCR. The soil fungistasis was evaluated by the reduction in the radial growth of in an in vitro assay. The antagonistic activity of the soil bacteria was tested using the dual culture method. The DNA contents in the soils were negatively correlated with soil fungistasis (r = -0.649 *). growth on the unfumigated soil was reduced by 70-87% compared to the chloroform fumigated soil. After the plant vegetation renewal, the soil fungistasis intensity was higher in the conventionally tilled fields than in the no-tillage. However, no significant differences were obtained among the tillage treatments at the mid-plant growth stage and after harvesting. 23 out of 104 bacteria isolated from the soil had a moderate effect, and only 1 had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of . This bacterium was assigned 100% similarity to the Hy7 strain (gene bank no: JN382250) according to the sequence of the 16S ribosome subunit coding gene. The results of our study suggest that the presence of in soil is suppressed by soil fungistasis; however, the role of tillage is influenced by other factors, such as soil biological activity, type and quantity of plant residues and environmental conditions.
有害病原体在不同农业生态系统中的定殖可能很大程度上取决于土壤抑制其生长和存活的能力。本研究旨在评估不同土壤耕作系统（即传统耕作、少耕和免耕）对土壤抗真菌作用的影响。在2016年和2017年植物生长季节期间，从一项为期20年的长期土壤耕作试验中三次采集土壤样本。通过实时定量聚合酶链反应对土壤样本中的[具体病原体名称未给出]进行定量分析。通过体外试验中[具体病原体名称未给出]径向生长的减少来评估土壤抗真菌作用。使用双培养法测试土壤细菌的拮抗活性。土壤中[具体病原体名称未给出]的DNA含量与土壤抗真菌作用呈负相关（r = -0.649*）。与氯仿熏蒸土壤相比，未熏蒸土壤上[具体病原体名称未给出]的生长减少了70 - 87%。植物植被更新后，传统耕作田块的土壤抗真菌作用强度高于免耕田块。然而，在植物生长中期和收获后，各耕作处理之间未获得显著差异。从土壤中分离出的104株细菌中有23株具有中等抑制作用，只有1株对[具体病原体名称未给出]生长具有强烈抑制作用。根据16S核糖体亚基编码基因序列，该细菌与[具体细菌名称未给出]Hy7菌株（基因库编号：JN382250）具有100%的相似性。我们的研究结果表明，土壤抗真菌作用抑制了土壤中[具体病原体名称未给出]的存在；然而，耕作的作用受其他因素影响，如土壤生物活性、植物残体的类型和数量以及环境条件。
