CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
Brain Behav. 2023 Apr;13(4):e2871. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2871. Epub 2023 Feb 24.
Eating disorders (EDs) have long been considered conditions exclusively affecting women, and studies in the ED field regularly exclude men. Research efforts are needed to better understand the role of gender and sex in EDs. This review describes the role of gender and sex in the development of EDs from a biopsychosocial perspective.
The primary hypothesis of this narrative review is that gender and sex interact to influence ED risk. The literature review was conducted using the PubMed database.
This review first presents the general characteristics and prevalence of EDs according to gender and sex. Next, neurodevelopmental processes, neurobiology, gender roles, body image, and the minority stress model are addressed. Lastly, research perspectives to better include gender and sex in the field of EDs are discussed (e.g., representation of gender and sex diversities, development of appropriate assessment tools, and increasing awareness).
Although substantial knowledge gaps remain, there is a growing recognition of the importance of integrating gender and sex in ED research that holds promise for further development in the field.
饮食失调（ED）长期以来被认为是仅影响女性的疾病，ED 领域的研究经常排除男性。需要研究努力来更好地理解性别和性在 ED 中的作用。本综述从生物心理社会角度描述了性别和性在 ED 发展中的作用。
本综述的主要假设是性别和性相互作用影响 ED 风险。文献综述使用 PubMed 数据库进行。
本综述首先根据性别和性介绍 ED 的一般特征和流行率。接下来，讨论神经发育过程、神经生物学、性别角色、身体意象和少数群体应激模型。最后，讨论了更好地将性别和性纳入 ED 领域的研究视角（例如，代表性别的多样性和性的多样性，开发适当的评估工具，以及提高意识）。
尽管仍存在大量知识差距，但越来越认识到在 ED 研究中纳入性别和性的重要性，这为该领域的进一步发展带来了希望。
