巴西极度弱势群体中残疾人士家庭的粮食不安全状况：一项二次横断面分析。
Food insecurity in households with persons with disabilities in a situation of extreme vulnerability in Brazil: a secondary cross-sectional analysis.
作者信息
Bagni Ursula Viana, Abreu Rodrigues Alexia Vieira de, Ribeiro Eloah Costa de Sant'Anna, Salles-Costa Rosana, Ferreira Aline Alves
机构信息
Department of Social Nutrition, Emília de Jesus Ferreira College of Nutrition, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
出版信息
Lancet Reg Health Am. 2022 Dec 22;18:100417. doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100417. eCollection 2023 Feb.
BACKGROUND
Inequities in access to education, work and health care are striking among persons with disabilities, making this population more vulnerable to poverty, lack of access to basic services and violation of rights such as access to food. Household food insecurity (HFI), marked by precarious income, has increased among persons with disabilities. In Brazil, the Continuous Cash Benefit (In Portuguese, Benefício de Prestação Continuada - BPC) is the guarantee of a minimum wage for persons with disabilities as a measure to promote social security and access to income in a situation of extreme poverty. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess HFI among persons with disabilities in extreme poverty in Brazil.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study with national representation was carried out with data from the 2017/2018 Family Budget Survey, with moderate and severe food insecurity as the dependent variable, and the situation of food insecurity measured using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Prevalence and odds ratio estimates were generated with 99% confidence intervals.
FINDINGS
Approximately 25% of households experienced HFI, with a higher prevalence in the North Region (41%), receiving up to 1 income quintile (36.6%), with a female (26.2%) and black person (31%) as a reference. The analysis model found that region, per capita household income, and social benefits received in the household were statistically significant factors.
INTERPRETATION
The BPC proved to be an important source of household income for persons with disabilities living in extreme poverty in Brazil: in almost three-quarters of the households, it was the only social benefit received, and, for most of them, it represented more than half of the total household income.
FUNDING
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
背景
残疾人在获得教育、工作和医疗保健方面的不平等现象十分突出，这使得该群体更容易陷入贫困、无法获得基本服务以及遭受诸如获得食物权等权利的侵犯。以不稳定收入为特征的家庭粮食不安全状况在残疾人中有所增加。在巴西，持续现金福利（葡萄牙语：Benefício de Prestação Continuada - BPC）是为残疾人提供最低工资保障的措施，以促进社会保障并帮助他们在极端贫困情况下获得收入。因此，本研究的目的是评估巴西极端贫困人口中残疾人的家庭粮食不安全状况。
方法
利用2017/2018年家庭预算调查的数据进行了一项具有全国代表性的横断面研究，以中度和重度粮食不安全为因变量，并使用巴西粮食不安全量表来衡量粮食不安全状况。生成了患病率和比值比估计值，并给出99%的置信区间。
结果
约25%的家庭经历了家庭粮食不安全状况，北部地区患病率更高（41%），收入处于最低五分位数的家庭（36.6%），以女性（26.2%）和黑人（31%）为参照。分析模型发现，地区、家庭人均收入以及家庭获得的社会福利是具有统计学意义的因素。
解读
事实证明，持续现金福利是巴西极端贫困残疾人家庭收入的重要来源：在近四分之三的家庭中，它是唯一获得的社会福利，而且对大多数家庭来说，它占家庭总收入的一半以上。
资金
本研究未获得公共、商业或非营利部门资助机构的任何具体资助。
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