Bonafede Carmen, van der Merwe Elna
Department of Exercise & Sport Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, 205 Nelson Mandela Drive, Park West, Bloemfontein, 9301 Free State South Africa.
Int J Early Child. 2023 Feb 18:1-19. doi: 10.1007/s13158-023-00350-5.
Proprioceptive kinaesthetic control underpins motor movements of developing children and can be influenced by several factors. The main aim of this study was to establish proprioceptive kinaesthetic coordination differences in six-year-olds from different school quintiles, of different genders, and with different handedness. A total of 193 six-year-olds from 10 schools of different quintiles in the Motheo District, Mangaung, were included, of which 97 (50.3%) were boys and 96 (49.7%) were girls. A quantitative cross-sectional study design was followed to determine proprioceptive kinaesthetic coordination differences. Right-handed participants performed significantly better than left-handed participants in the Finger-to-Nose task ( = 0.0125) when moving and positioning their dominant arm and hand. When using their dominant arm, significant differences in the shoulder-level-arm-raise ( = 0.0288) favoured boys. Girls showed superior execution of the force perception task ( = 0.0322). In conclusion, significant proprioceptive kinaesthetic coordination differences in six-year-olds were mainly not evident. Future work should explore proprioceptive kinaesthetic coordination differences in children of other ages and determine the practical implications of identified differences.
本体感觉运动控制是发育中儿童运动的基础，且会受到多种因素的影响。本研究的主要目的是确定来自不同学校五分位、不同性别和不同利手的六岁儿童在本体感觉运动协调方面的差异。来自曼加翁莫特奥区不同五分位的10所学校的193名六岁儿童参与了研究，其中97名（50.3%）为男孩，96名（49.7%）为女孩。采用定量横断面研究设计来确定本体感觉运动协调差异。在移动和定位优势手臂和手时，右利手参与者在指鼻任务中（=0.0125）的表现明显优于左利手参与者。在使用优势手臂时，肩部水平举臂（=0.0288）的显著差异有利于男孩。女孩在力感知任务的执行上表现更优（=0.0322）。总之，六岁儿童在本体感觉运动协调方面的显著差异主要并不明显。未来的工作应探索其他年龄段儿童的本体感觉运动协调差异，并确定所发现差异的实际意义。
