Liu Yuexing, Li Yixue, Zeng Tao
Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.
Front Bioinform. 2023 Feb 9;3:1117271. doi: 10.3389/fbinf.2023.1117271. eCollection 2023.
Extracellular vesicles are secreted by almost all cell types. EVs include a broader component known as exosomes that participate in cell-cell and tissue-tissue communication carrying diverse biological signals from one cell type or tissue to another. EVs play roles as communication messengers of the intercellular network to mediate different physiological activities or pathological changes. In particular, most EVs are natural carriers of functional cargo such as DNA, RNA, and proteins, and thus they are relevant to advancing personalized targeted therapies in clinical practice. For the application of EVs, novel bioinformatic models and methods based on high-throughput technologies and multi-omics data are required to provide a deeper understanding of their biological and biomedical characteristics. These include qualitative and quantitative representation for identifying cargo markers, local cellular communication inference for tracing the origin and production of EVs, and distant organ communication reconstruction for targeting the influential microenvironment and transferable activators. Thus, this perspective paper introduces EVs in the context of multi-omics and provides an integrative bioinformatic viewpoint of the state of current research on EVs and their applications.
几乎所有细胞类型都会分泌细胞外囊泡。细胞外囊泡包括一种更广泛的成分，即外泌体，它参与细胞间和组织间的通讯，将各种生物信号从一种细胞类型或组织传递到另一种细胞类型或组织。细胞外囊泡作为细胞间网络的通讯信使，介导不同的生理活动或病理变化。特别是，大多数细胞外囊泡是功能性货物（如DNA、RNA和蛋白质）的天然载体，因此它们与推进临床实践中的个性化靶向治疗相关。对于细胞外囊泡的应用，需要基于高通量技术和多组学数据的新型生物信息学模型和方法，以更深入地了解其生物学和生物医学特征。这些包括用于识别货物标记物的定性和定量表征、用于追踪细胞外囊泡起源和产生的局部细胞通讯推断，以及用于靶向有影响的微环境和可转移激活剂的远距离器官通讯重建。因此，这篇观点文章在多组学背景下介绍了细胞外囊泡，并提供了关于细胞外囊泡及其应用的当前研究状况的综合生物信息学观点。
