Diffey B L
Regional Medical Physics Department, Dryburn Hospital, Durham, UK.
Photodermatol. 1987 Jun;4(3):118-26.
The risk of non-melanoma skin cancer in northern Europeans who indulge in sunbathing or use a UVA solarium was estimated using a mathematical model of skin cancer incidence that makes allowance for childhood, occupational and recreational sun exposure. This model demonstrates that the cumulative incidence of skin cancer in indoor workers is about 2-3% by the age of 70, yet this risk can increase 5-fold if they indulge in a two-week sunbathing vacation each summer. The use of a UVA solarium is also shown to increase the risk of skin cancer. Because risk increases with the approximate square of annual solarium exposure, it is not possible to define a 'safe' level of exposure. Instead, it is shown that weekly use of a UVA solarium from age 20 until middle age (40-50) gives a relative cumulative incidence of 1.3 compared with non-users of sun beds and sun canopies. The risk begins to increase rapidly for more frequent use, particularly when solaria are used in combination with sunbathing.
利用一个考虑了儿童期、职业性和娱乐性阳光暴露的皮肤癌发病率数学模型，估算了沉溺于日光浴或使用紫外线A光浴箱的北欧人患非黑素瘤皮肤癌的风险。该模型表明，室内工作者到70岁时皮肤癌的累积发病率约为2%-3%，然而，如果他们每年夏天都沉溺于为期两周的日光浴假期，这种风险可能会增加5倍。使用紫外线A光浴箱也会增加患皮肤癌的风险。由于风险随每年光浴箱暴露次数的平方近似增加，因此无法确定“安全”的暴露水平。相反，研究表明，从20岁到中年（40-50岁）每周使用紫外线A光浴箱，与不使用日光浴床和遮阳篷的人相比，相对累积发病率为1.3。使用频率更高时，尤其是光浴箱与日光浴同时使用时，风险开始迅速增加。
