College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Bio-breeding, Hefei 230036, China.
J Anim Sci. 2023 Jan 3;101. doi: 10.1093/jas/skad064.
Douhua chicken is a unique local breed from Anhui Province, China. This study aimed to illustrate the Douhua chicken mitogenome and clarify its phylogenetic status by sequencing and annotating the complete mitochondrial genome using high-throughput sequencing and primer walking. Phylogenetic analysis through the Kimura 2-parameter model indicated the maternal origin of Douhua chicken. The results revealed that the mitochondrial genome is a closed circular molecule (16,785 bp) that consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) coding genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) coding genes, and a control region. The base composition of the Douhua chicken mitogenome contains 30.3% A, 23.7% T, 32.5% C, and 13.5% G, and the haplotype and nucleotide diversity values are 0.829 (Hd) and 0.00441 (Pi), respectively. Furthermore, 10 haplotypes of D-loop sequences among 60 Douhua chickens were identified and distributed into four haplogroups (A, C, D, and E). Overall, the result of the present study indicates that Douhua chicken may have originated from Gallus gallus, and this process was influenced by Gallus gallus spadiceus, Gallus gallus murghi, and Gallus gallus bankiva. This study provides novel mitogenome data to support further phylogenetic and taxonomic studies on Douhua chicken. Additionally, the findings of this study will provide deeper insights for identifying the genetic relationships among populations and tracing maternal origins based on phylogenetic considerations for use in studies on the geographic conservation, utilization, and molecular genetics of poultry species.
豆腐鸡是中国安徽省的一个独特的地方品种。本研究旨在通过高通量测序和引物步行对完整的线粒体基因组进行测序和注释，阐明豆腐鸡的线粒体基因组并阐明其系统发育地位。通过 Kimura 2-参数模型的系统发育分析表明，豆腐鸡的母系起源。结果表明，线粒体基因组是一个封闭的圆形分子（16785bp），由 13 个蛋白质编码基因、22 个转移 RNA（tRNA）编码基因、两个核糖体 RNA（rRNA）编码基因和一个控制区组成。豆腐鸡线粒体基因组的碱基组成包含 30.3%的 A、23.7%的 T、32.5%的 C 和 13.5%的 G，单倍型和核苷酸多样性值分别为 0.829（Hd）和 0.00441（Pi）。此外，在 60 只豆腐鸡中鉴定出 D 环序列的 10 种单倍型，并分为四个单倍型群（A、C、D 和 E）。总体而言，本研究结果表明，豆腐鸡可能起源于Gallus gallus，这个过程受到了Gallus gallus spadiceus、Gallus gallus murghi 和 Gallus gallus bankiva 的影响。本研究提供了新的线粒体基因组数据，支持了对豆腐鸡系统发育和分类学的进一步研究。此外，本研究的发现将为识别种群间的遗传关系以及根据系统发育考虑追溯母系起源提供更深入的见解，以便用于家禽物种的地理保护、利用和分子遗传学研究。
