Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Interdepartmental Center of Services (CIS), Molecular Genomics and Pathology, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Viruses. 2023 Jan 31;15(2):408. doi: 10.3390/v15020408.
We investigated the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 spread in Calabria, Southern Italy, in 2022. A total of 272 RNA isolates from nasopharyngeal swabs of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 were sequenced by whole genome sequencing (N = 172) and/or Sanger sequencing (N = 100). Analysis of diffusion of Omicron variants in Calabria revealed the prevalence of 10 different sub-lineages (recombinant BA.1/BA.2, BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.2.9, BA.2.10, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, BA.5, BE.1). We observed that Omicron spread in Calabria presented a similar trend as in Italy, with some notable exceptions: BA.1 disappeared in April in Calabria but not in the rest of Italy; recombinant BA.1/BA.2 showed higher frequency in Calabria (13%) than in the rest of Italy (0.02%); BA.2.9, BA.4 and BA.5 emerged in Calabria later than in other Italian regions. In addition, Calabria Omicron presented 16 non-canonical mutations in the S protein and 151 non-canonical mutations in non-structural proteins. Most non-canonical mutations in the S protein occurred mainly in BA.5 whereas non-canonical mutations in non-structural or accessory proteins (ORF1ab, ORF3a, ORF8 and N) were identified in BA.2 and BA.5 sub-lineages. In conclusion, the data reported here underscore the importance of monitoring the entire SARS-CoV-2 genome.
我们调查了 2022 年意大利南部卡拉布里亚地区 SARS-CoV-2 的传播演变。对 172 名通过全基因组测序和/或 Sanger 测序感染 SARS-CoV-2 的个体的鼻咽拭子中的 272 个 RNA 分离物进行了测序。对卡拉布里亚地区 Omicron 变体传播的分析显示,存在 10 种不同的亚谱系(重组 BA.1/BA.2、BA.1、BA.1.1、BA.2、BA.2.9、BA.2.10、BA.2.12.1、BA.4、BA.5、BE.1)。我们观察到 Omicron 在卡拉布里亚的传播趋势与意大利相似,但也有一些明显的例外:BA.1 在 4 月在卡拉布里亚消失,但在意大利其他地区没有消失;重组 BA.1/BA.2 在卡拉布里亚的出现频率高于意大利其他地区(13%比 0.02%);BA.2.9、BA.4 和 BA.5 在卡拉布里亚的出现时间晚于意大利其他地区。此外,卡拉布里亚的 Omicron 在 S 蛋白中存在 16 个非典型突变,在非结构蛋白中存在 151 个非典型突变。S 蛋白中的大多数非典型突变主要发生在 BA.5 中,而非结构或辅助蛋白(ORF1ab、ORF3a、ORF8 和 N)中的非典型突变发生在 BA.2 和 BA.5 亚谱系中。总之,这里报道的数据强调了监测整个 SARS-CoV-2 基因组的重要性。