Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Jhang Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan.
Viruses. 2023 Feb 14;15(2):531. doi: 10.3390/v15020531.
Advances in genome engineering (GE) tools based on sequence-specific programmable nucleases have revolutionized precise genome editing in plants. However, only the traditional approaches are used to deliver these GE reagents, which mostly rely on -mediated transformation or particle bombardment. These techniques have been successfully used for the past decades for the genetic engineering of plants with some limitations relating to lengthy time-taking protocols and transgenes integration-related regulatory concerns. Nevertheless, in the era of climate change, we require certain faster protocols for developing climate-smart resilient crops through GE to deal with global food security. Therefore, some alternative approaches are needed to robustly deliver the GE reagents. In this case, the plant viral vectors could be an excellent option for the delivery of GE reagents because they are efficient, effective, and precise. Additionally, these are autonomously replicating and considered as natural specialists for transient delivery. In the present review, we have discussed the potential use of these plant viral vectors for the efficient delivery of GE reagents. We have further described the different plant viral vectors, such as DNA and RNA viruses, which have been used as efficient gene targeting systems in model plants, and in other important crops including potato, tomato, wheat, and rice. The achievements gained so far in the use of viral vectors as a carrier for GE reagent delivery are depicted along with the benefits and limitations of each viral vector. Moreover, recent advances have been explored in employing viral vectors for GE and adapting this technology for future research.
基于序列特异性可编程核酸酶的基因组工程 (GE) 工具的进步彻底改变了植物的精确基因组编辑。然而,这些 GE 试剂的递送仍然主要依赖于介导的转化或粒子轰击的传统方法。这些技术在过去几十年中已成功用于植物的遗传工程,但存在一些与耗时的协议和与转基因整合相关的监管问题有关的局限性。然而,在气候变化的时代,我们需要某些更快的协议来通过 GE 开发具有气候适应性的弹性作物,以应对全球粮食安全问题。因此,需要一些替代方法来稳健地递送 GE 试剂。在这种情况下,植物病毒载体可能是递送 GE 试剂的绝佳选择,因为它们高效、有效且精确。此外,这些载体是自主复制的,并且被认为是瞬时递送的天然专家。在本综述中,我们讨论了这些植物病毒载体在高效递送 GE 试剂方面的潜在用途。我们进一步描述了不同的植物病毒载体,如 DNA 和 RNA 病毒,它们已被用作模型植物以及其他重要作物(包括马铃薯、番茄、小麦和水稻)中的有效基因靶向系统。描述了迄今为止在将病毒载体用作 GE 试剂递送载体方面取得的成就,以及每种病毒载体的优点和局限性。此外,还探讨了利用病毒载体进行 GE 的最新进展,并为未来的研究调整了这项技术。
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