Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2023 Feb 1;27(2):101-105. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0393.
has a wide host range causing TB in animals, both in wildlife and cattle (bovine TB bTB), and in humans (zoonotic TB zTB). The real burden of bovine and zoonotic TB (b/zTB) remains unknown due to diagnostic challenges. Although progress has been made to reduce the burden of TB, b/zTB has been neglected in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with little improvement in prevention, diagnosis or treatment. Using Tanzania as a case study, because of its high TB burden, large wildlife diversity and wide reliance on livestock, we developed an approach to comprehensively estimate the burden and implement multidisciplinary actions against b/zTB. We performed a review of the literature on b/zTB, but there is a lack of available data on the b/zTB burden in Tanzania and, notably, on epidemiological indicators other than incidence. We propose a five-action programme to address b/zTB in Tanzania, and we believe our proposed approach could benefit other LMICs as it operates by implementing and strengthening surveillance and health delivery. The resulting knowledge and system organisation could further prevent and mitigate the effects of such conditions on human and animal health, livestock production, population livelihood and the economy.
它具有广泛的宿主范围，可导致动物发生结核病，包括野生动物和牛（牛型结核 bTB）以及人类（人畜共患结核 zTB）。由于诊断方面的挑战，牛型和人畜共患型结核（b/zTB）的实际负担仍然未知。尽管在减少结核病负担方面取得了进展，但在中低收入国家（LMICs），由于预防、诊断或治疗方面的改善甚微，b/zTB 一直被忽视。坦桑尼亚的结核病负担很高，野生动物多样性大，对畜牧业的依赖程度高，我们以此为例，制定了一项全面评估 b/zTB 负担并采取多学科行动的方法。我们对 b/zTB 的文献进行了综述，但坦桑尼亚的 b/zTB 负担以及发病率以外的其他流行病学指标的数据都很缺乏。我们提出了一个在坦桑尼亚解决 b/zTB 的五项行动计划，我们相信我们提出的方法可以使其他 LMICs受益，因为它通过实施和加强监测和卫生服务来运作。由此产生的知识和系统组织可以进一步预防和减轻这些疾病对人类和动物健康、畜牧业生产、人口生计和经济的影响。
