斑秃、全秃和普秃的总体患病率及种族和民族亚组患病率。

Overall and Racial and Ethnic Subgroup Prevalences of Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis, and Alopecia Universalis.

机构信息

Department of Dermatology, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York.

Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lake Success, New York.

出版信息

JAMA Dermatol. 2023 Apr 1;159(4):419-423. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.0016.

DOI:10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.0016

PMID:36857044

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9979079/

Abstract

IMPORTANCE

Prevalences of alopecia areata (AA), alopecia totalis (AT), and alopecia universalis (AU) are poorly established.

OBJECTIVE

To estimate overall and subgroup prevalences of AA and its subtypes.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study using electronic records comprising the Explorys database (Watson Health, IBM Corporation) included children, adolescents, and adults seeking healthcare across the 4 census regions in the US between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2019. The statistical analysis was conducted between July 21, 2022, and December 22, 2022.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES

Prevalent cases of AA, AT, and AU.

RESULTS

Of the 1 093 176 patients who met inclusion criteria, 1812 had at least 1 code for AA, 1216 female (67%) and 596 male (33%) patients. Overall age-and-sex standardized prevalences among adults and among children and adolescents were observed to be 0.18% and 0.10%, respectively. The age-standardized prevalence ratio in women to men was 1.32. Standardized prevalence was highest in those aged 30 to 39 (297 per 100 000; 95% CI, 263-335) and 40 to 49 (270 per 100 000; 95% CI, 240-303) years. The highest standardized prevalence was observed among Asian patients (414 per 100 000; 95% CI, 306-548), followed by patients reporting another race or multiple races (314 per 100 000; 95% CI, 266-368), Black (226 per 100 000; 95% CI, 199-255), and Hispanic/Latino (212 per 100 000; 95% CI, 129-328) patients. White patients had the lowest standardized prevalence (168 per 100 000; 95% CI, 157-179) among racial and ethnic subgroups. Relative to White patients, standardized prevalence ratios for Asian, Black, and Hispanic/Latino patients were 2.47 (95% CI, 2.17-2.81), 1.35 (95% CI, 1.26-1.44), and 1.26 (95% CI, 1.03-1.55), respectively. Cases of AT and AU comprised approximately 9% of patients diagnosed with AA.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE

The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that there is a significant burden of AA, AT, and AU in the US in which people of color, particularly Asian Americans, appear to be disproportionately affected.

摘要

重要性

斑秃（AA）、全秃（AT）和普秃（AU）的患病率尚未明确。

目的

评估 AA 及其亚型的总体和亚组患病率。

设计、设置和参与者：这项横断面研究使用包含电子记录的 Explorys 数据库（Watson Health，IBM 公司），纳入了 2019 年 1 月 1 日至 12 月 31 日期间在美国四个普查区域内寻求医疗保健的儿童、青少年和成年人。统计分析于 2022 年 7 月 21 日至 12 月 22 日进行。

主要结局和测量

AA、AT 和 AU 的现患病例。

结果

在符合纳入标准的 1093176 名患者中，有 1812 名至少有 1 个 AA 代码，其中 1216 名为女性（67%），596 名为男性（33%）。成年人和儿童及青少年中观察到的年龄和性别标准化患病率分别为 0.18%和 0.10%。女性与男性的年龄标准化患病率比为 1.32。在 30 至 39 岁（297/10 万；95%CI，263-335）和 40 至 49 岁（270/10 万；95%CI，240-303）的人群中，标准化患病率最高。在亚裔患者中观察到的标准化患病率最高（414/10 万；95%CI，306-548），其次是报告其他种族或多种族裔的患者（314/10 万；95%CI，266-368）、黑种人（226/10 万；95%CI，199-255）和西班牙裔/拉丁裔（212/10 万；95%CI，129-328）患者。在种族和族裔亚组中，白人患者的标准化患病率最低（168/10 万；95%CI，157-179）。与白人患者相比，亚裔、黑人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔患者的标准化患病率比分别为 2.47（95%CI，2.17-2.81）、1.35（95%CI，1.26-1.44）和 1.26（95%CI，1.03-1.55）。诊断为 AA 的患者中，约有 9%为 AT 和 AU 病例。