Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
J Gen Virol. 2023 Mar;104(3). doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001831.
Dengue virus (DENV) is the mosquito-borne virus of greatest human health concern. There are four serotypes of DENV (1-4) that co-circulate in endemic areas. Each serotype of DENV is individually capable of causing the full spectrum of disease, ranging from self-resolving dengue fever to the more severe dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Based on data published by the CDC, one in four people who become infected with dengue will become ill. Of those that do develop symptomology, the symptoms can range from mild to severe. Symptoms can vary from rash, ocular aches and pains to more intense symptoms in the manifestation of severe dengue. Roughly, 1 in 20 people who become ill will develop severe dengue, which can result in shock, internal bleeding and death. There is currently no specific treatment for dengue and only one licensed vaccine (Dengvaxia) for children 9 through 16 years of age in just a few countries. Despite its licensure for clinical use, Dengvaxia has performed with low efficacy in children and dengue naïve individuals and critically has resulted in increased risk of developing severe dengue in young, vaccinated recipients. Currently, there are various novel strategies for the development of a dengue vaccine. In this review we have conducted a detailed overview of the DENV vaccine landscape, focusing on nine vaccines in the pipeline to provide a comprehensive overview of the most state-of-the-art developments in strategies for vaccines against DENV.
登革热病毒（DENV）是对人类健康最具威胁的蚊媒病毒。有四种血清型的 DENV（1-4）在流行地区共同传播。每种血清型的 DENV 都有能力单独引起全谱疾病，从自限性登革热到更严重的登革出血热（DHF）或登革休克综合征（DSS）。根据 CDC 公布的数据，每四个感染登革热的人中就有一个会生病。在那些出现症状的人中，症状的严重程度从轻微到严重不等。症状可以从皮疹、眼部疼痛到更严重的严重登革热表现。大约每 20 个生病的人中就有 1 个会发展成严重的登革热，这可能导致休克、内出血和死亡。目前，登革热没有特效治疗方法，只有一种在少数国家获准用于儿童 9 至 16 岁的疫苗（Dengvaxia）。尽管 Dengvaxia 获准用于临床使用，但在儿童和无登革热感染的人群中的疗效较低，而且严重的是，在年轻、接种疫苗的受者中，登革热的严重风险增加。目前，有各种新的策略来开发登革热疫苗。在这篇综述中，我们对 DENV 疫苗领域进行了详细的概述，重点介绍了正在研发中的九种疫苗，以全面了解针对 DENV 的疫苗策略的最新进展。
