Fresán Ujué, Bernard Paquito, Fabregues Sergi, Boronat Anna, Araújo-Soares Vera, König Laura M, Chevance Guillaume
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
JMIR Res Protoc. 2023 Mar 2;12:e41443. doi: 10.2196/41443.
Changing current dietary patterns into sustainable healthy diets (ie, healthy diets with low environmental impact and socioeconomic fairness) is urgent. So far, few eating behavior change interventions have addressed all the dimensions of sustainable healthy diets at once and used cutting-edge methods from the field of digital health behavior change.
The primary objectives of this pilot study were to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of an individual behavior change intervention toward the adoption of a more environmentally sustainable healthy diet as a whole and changes in specific relevant food groups, food waste, and obtaining food from fair sources. The secondary objectives included the identification of mechanisms of action that potentially mediate the effect of the intervention on behaviors, identification of potential spillover effects and covariations among different food outcomes, and identification of the role of socioeconomic status in behavior changes.
We will run a series of ABA n-of-1 trials over a year, with the first A phase corresponding to a 2-week baseline evaluation, the B phase to a 22-week intervention, and the second A phase to a 24-week postintervention follow-up. We plan to enroll 21 participants from low, middle, and high socioeconomic statuses, with 7 from each socioeconomic group. The intervention will involve sending text messages and providing brief individualized web-based feedback sessions based on regular app-based assessments of eating behavior. The text messages will contain brief educational messages on human health and the environmental and socioeconomic effects of dietary choices; motivational messages to encourage the adoption of sustainable healthy diets by participants, providing tips to achieve their own behavioral goals; or links to recipes. Both quantitative and qualitative data will be collected. Quantitative data (eg, on eating behaviors and motivation) will be collected through self-reported questionnaires on several weekly bursts spread through the study. Qualitative data will be collected through 3 individual semistructured interviews before the intervention period, at the end of the intervention period, and at the end of the study. Analyses will be performed at both the individual and group levels depending on the outcome and objective.
The first participants were recruited in October 2022. The final results are expected by October 2023.
The results of this pilot study will be useful for designing future larger interventions on individual behavior change for sustainable healthy diets.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/41443.
将当前的饮食模式转变为可持续的健康饮食（即对环境影响小且具有社会经济公平性的健康饮食）迫在眉睫。到目前为止，很少有饮食行为改变干预措施能同时兼顾可持续健康饮食的所有维度，也很少使用数字健康行为改变领域的前沿方法。
本试点研究的主要目的是评估个体行为改变干预措施对于整体采用更具环境可持续性的健康饮食以及特定相关食物组、食物浪费和从公平来源获取食物方面变化的可行性和有效性。次要目的包括确定可能介导干预对行为影响的作用机制，确定不同食物结果之间潜在的溢出效应和协变关系，以及确定社会经济地位在行为改变中的作用。
我们将在一年时间内进行一系列ABA单病例试验，第一个A阶段对应为期2周的基线评估，B阶段对应为期22周的干预，第二个A阶段对应为期24周的干预后随访。我们计划招募21名来自低、中、高社会经济地位的参与者，每个社会经济组各7名。干预措施将包括发送短信，并根据基于应用程序的饮食行为定期评估提供简短的个性化网络反馈会议。短信将包含关于人类健康以及饮食选择对环境和社会经济影响的简短教育信息；鼓励参与者采用可持续健康饮食的激励信息，提供实现自身行为目标的小贴士；或食谱链接。将收集定量和定性数据。定量数据（如饮食行为和动机方面的数据）将通过在研究过程中分散进行的几次每周自我报告问卷收集。定性数据将通过在干预期前、干预期末和研究结束时进行的3次个人半结构化访谈收集。将根据结果和目标在个体和群体层面进行分析。
首批参与者于2022年10月招募。预计2023年10月得出最终结果。
本试点研究的结果将有助于设计未来针对可持续健康饮食个体行为改变的更大规模干预措施。
国际注册报告识别号（IRRID）：PRR1-10.2196/41443
