Zhang Ke, Wu Meiliyang, Zeng Tieying, Yuan Mengmei, Chen Ye, Yang Lingyan
Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Front Psychol. 2023 Feb 14;14:1071336. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1071336. eCollection 2023.
Psychological birth trauma is widespread in postpartum women, and its harms are serious to mothers' health. Existing tools rely on posttraumatic stress disorder to evaluate, which cannot effectively evaluate its connotation. The aim of this study was to develop a new instrument for use to comprehensively assess the psychological birth trauma level of women after birth and test the scale's psychometric properties.
The scale was developed and evaluated through item generation, expert consultation, pre-survey, and psychometric evaluation. A literature review, focus group, and individual deep semi-structured interviews were utilized to identify the scale items. The expert consultation evaluated the content validity. Psychometric testing was conducted in a convenience sample of 712 mothers within the first 72 h postpartum who were recruited from three hospitals in China.
The total Cronbach alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.874. Exploratory factor analysis supported that the final scale consisted of four dimensions and fifteen items. The explanatory variance of the four factors was 66.724%. The four dimensions are named "being neglected," "out of control," "physiological emotional response," and "cognitive behavioral response." The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fit indices were all at acceptable and good levels.
The 15-item Birth Trauma Scale is a valid and reliable tool to evaluate the psychological trauma of mothers who experienced spontaneous childbirth. The scale is a maternal self-assessment scale that can help women understand their mental health. Healthcare providers can identify key populations and intervene with them.
心理分娩创伤在产后女性中普遍存在，对母亲的健康危害严重。现有工具依赖创伤后应激障碍进行评估，无法有效评估其内涵。本研究旨在开发一种新工具，用于全面评估产后女性的心理分娩创伤水平，并测试该量表的心理测量学特性。
通过条目生成、专家咨询、预调查和心理测量学评估来开发和评估该量表。利用文献综述、焦点小组和个体深度半结构化访谈来确定量表条目。专家咨询评估内容效度。在中国三家医院招募的712名产后72小时内的母亲便利样本中进行心理测量测试。
该量表的总克朗巴哈α系数为0.874。探索性因素分析支持最终量表由四个维度和十五个条目组成。四个因素的解释方差为66.724%。这四个维度分别命名为“被忽视”、“失去控制”、“生理情绪反应”和“认知行为反应”。验证性因素分析结果表明，拟合指数均处于可接受和良好水平。
15项分娩创伤量表是评估自然分娩母亲心理创伤的有效且可靠的工具。该量表是一种母亲自评量表，可帮助女性了解自己的心理健康状况。医疗保健提供者可以识别关键人群并对其进行干预。
