Bouloukaki Izolde, Fanaridis Michail, Testelmans Dries, Pataka Athanasia, Schiza Sophia
Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
Department of Pneumology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Breathe (Sheff). 2022 Sep;18(3):220073. doi: 10.1183/20734735.0073-2022. Epub 2022 Nov 15.
In the past, there was limited research relating to the role of sleep in respiratory diseases. Physicians treating these patients tended to focus mainly on the daily disabling symptoms, overlooking the possible significant role of coexisting sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Nowadays, OSA has been recognised as an important, highly prevalent comorbidity for respiratory diseases such as COPD, asthma and interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Overlap syndrome refers to the coexistence of chronic respiratory disease and OSA in the same patient. Although, in the past, overlap syndromes have been poorly studied, recent data underline that they result in increased morbidity and mortality compared with either underlying disorder alone. OSA and respiratory disease may be of different severity, and this, along with the existence of various clinical phenotypes, points to the necessity of an individualised therapeutic plan. Early recognition and OSA management could offer key benefits, such as improved sleep, quality of life and disease outcomes.
Describe pathophysiological aspects of OSA in chronic respiratory diseases such as COPD, asthma and ILDs.Understand the bidirectional clinical importance when OSA coexists in chronic respiratory diseases.Review current knowledge of treatment strategies towards an individualised therapeutic plan resulting in patient-centric outcomes.
过去，关于睡眠在呼吸系统疾病中的作用的研究有限。治疗这些患者的医生往往主要关注日常的致残症状，而忽视了诸如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）等并存睡眠障碍可能发挥的重要作用。如今，OSA已被公认为慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、哮喘和间质性肺疾病（ILDs）等呼吸系统疾病的一种重要且高度普遍的合并症。重叠综合征指的是同一患者同时存在慢性呼吸系统疾病和OSA。尽管过去对重叠综合征的研究较少，但最近的数据强调，与单独的任何一种基础疾病相比，它们会导致更高的发病率和死亡率。OSA和呼吸系统疾病的严重程度可能不同，再加上存在各种临床表型，这表明有必要制定个性化的治疗方案。早期识别和OSA管理可能会带来关键益处，如改善睡眠、生活质量和疾病预后。
描述COPD、哮喘和ILDs等慢性呼吸系统疾病中OSA的病理生理方面。理解OSA与慢性呼吸系统疾病并存时的双向临床重要性。回顾目前关于以患者为中心的个体化治疗方案的治疗策略的知识以实现相应结果。
