Li Qingxian, Jiang Jianfeng, Li Junhui, Zhang Wei, Xin Yingxue, He Biao, He Sun, Tu Changchun, Guo Yidi, Gong Wenjie
State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2025 Jun 18;2025:1974716. doi: 10.1155/tbed/1974716. eCollection 2025.
Viral diarrhea poses a severe threat to the health and growth of piglets, especially when caused by co-infection with multiple diarrhea-associated viruses. In this study anal swabs were collected from pigs older than 3 months from a farm in Gansu province, China, and subjected to viral metagenomic analysis. They had been suffering from diarrhea and their growth was significantly retarded. A total of 18 viruses were identified by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) in pooled samples from 22 stunted pigs and (separately) three healthy pigs. They included 15 diarrhea-associated RNA viruses with five porcine rotaviruses (PoRVs), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a torovirus, and a sapelovirus present only in the stunted pigs. Among the identified PoRVs, PoRVBs showed a much greater genetic diversity than other PoRVs with multiple variant gene sequences identified in segments VP1 (2), VP2 (3), VP3 (4), VP4 (5), VP7 (5), NSP1 (2), NSP3 (3), NSP4 (2), and NSP5 (4), with 1-3 new genotypes being defined within each segment except NSP5. Unexpectedly, PoRVF was identified for the first time in pigs, with all gene segments exhibiting low nucleotide (56.5%-79.4%) and amino acid sequence identities (46.2%-92.0%) with previously identified avian RVF reference strains. Phylogenetic analysis showed that multiple variant strains of PAstV2 (6) and PAstV4 (13) were found in stunted pigs, and other enteric viruses were highly homologous with reference strains. Overall, the findings indicate that the stunted pigs may serve as a hotbed for the propagation of diarrhea-associated viruses and that they should be isolated and treated as early as possible.
病毒性腹泻对仔猪的健康和生长构成严重威胁，尤其是由多种腹泻相关病毒共同感染引起时。在本研究中，从中国甘肃省一个猪场的3月龄以上猪只采集肛门拭子，并进行病毒宏基因组分析。这些猪一直患有腹泻，生长明显受阻。通过高通量测序（HTS）在来自22头发育迟缓猪和（分别）3头健康猪的混合样本中总共鉴定出18种病毒。其中包括15种腹泻相关RNA病毒，其中5种为猪轮状病毒（PoRVs）、猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）、一种环曲病毒和一种仅存在于发育迟缓猪中的猪细小病毒。在鉴定出的PoRVs中，PoRVBs的遗传多样性比其他PoRVs大得多，在VP1（2个）、VP2（3个）、VP3（4个）、VP4（5个）、VP7（5个）、NSP1（2个）、NSP3（3个）、NSP4（2个）和NSP5（4个）片段中鉴定出多个变异基因序列，除NSP5外，每个片段内定义了1 - 3个新基因型。出乎意料的是，PoRVF首次在猪中被鉴定出来，其所有基因片段与先前鉴定的禽轮状病毒F参考毒株的核苷酸（56.5% - 79.4%）和氨基酸序列同一性较低（46.2% - 92.0%）。系统发育分析表明，在发育迟缓猪中发现了PAstV2（6个）和PAstV4（13个）的多个变异株，其他肠道病毒与参考毒株高度同源。总体而言，研究结果表明发育迟缓猪可能是腹泻相关病毒传播的温床，应尽早隔离和治疗。
