照顾者与自闭症和典型发展儿童的语言一致性：自然语言处理方法揭示了语言发展的互动成分。
Caregiver linguistic alignment to autistic and typically developing children: A natural language processing approach illuminates the interactive components of language development.
机构信息
Department of Linguistics, Cognitive Science and Semiotics, School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University, Jens Chr Skous vej 2, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; Interacting Minds Center, School of Culture and Society, Aarhus University, Jens Chr Skous vej 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; Linguistic Data Consortium, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Market St, Suite 810, Philadelphia, PA 19104-2653, USA.
Department of Linguistics, Cognitive Science and Semiotics, School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University, Jens Chr Skous vej 2, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; Interacting Minds Center, School of Culture and Society, Aarhus University, Jens Chr Skous vej 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
出版信息
Cognition. 2023 Jul;236:105422. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105422. Epub 2023 Mar 3.
BACKGROUND
Language development is a highly interactive activity. However, most research on linguistic environment has focused on the quantity and complexity of linguistic input to children, with current models showing that complexity facilitates language in both typically developing (TD) and autistic children.
AIMS
After reviewing existing work on caregiver engagement of children's utterances, we aim to operationalize such engagement with automated measures of linguistic alignment, thereby providing scalable tools to assess caregivers' active reuse of their children's language. By assessing the presence of alignment, its sensitivity to the child's individual differences and how well it predicts language development beyond current models across the two groups, we showcase the usefulness of the approach and provide initial empirical foundations for further conceptual and empirical investigations.
METHODS
We measure lexical, syntactic and semantic types of caregiver alignment in a longitudinal corpus involving 32 adult-autistic child and 35 adult-TD child dyads, with children between 2 and 5 years of age. We assess the extent to which caregivers repeat their children's words, syntax, and semantics, and whether these repetitions predict language development beyond more standard predictors.
RESULTS
Caregivers tend to re-use their child's language in a way that is related to the child's individual, primarily linguistic, differences. Caregivers' alignment provides unique information improving our ability to predict future language development in both typical and autistic children.
CONCLUSIONS
We provide evidence that language development also relies on interactive conversational processes, previously understudied. We share carefully detailed methods, and open-source scripts so as to systematically extend our approach to new contexts and languages.
背景
语言发展是一种高度互动的活动。然而，大多数关于语言环境的研究都集中在儿童语言输入的数量和复杂性上，目前的模型表明，语言复杂性对典型发展（TD）和自闭症儿童的语言发展都有促进作用。
目的
在回顾了关于照顾者参与儿童言语的现有工作之后，我们旨在通过语言对齐的自动测量来实现这种参与，从而提供可扩展的工具来评估照顾者对儿童语言的积极重复使用。通过评估对齐的存在、其对儿童个体差异的敏感性以及它在两个群体中如何超越当前模型预测语言发展的程度，我们展示了这种方法的有用性，并为进一步的概念和实证研究提供了初步的实证基础。
方法
我们在一个涉及 32 个成人自闭症儿童和 35 个成人 TD 儿童的纵向语料库中测量了词汇、句法和语义类型的照顾者对齐，这些儿童年龄在 2 至 5 岁之间。我们评估了照顾者重复他们孩子的单词、语法和语义的程度，以及这些重复是否能预测语言发展，而不仅仅是超越更标准的预测因素。
结果
照顾者倾向于以与孩子个人、主要是语言方面的差异相关的方式重复孩子的语言。照顾者的对齐提供了独特的信息，提高了我们预测典型和自闭症儿童未来语言发展的能力。
结论
我们提供的证据表明，语言发展也依赖于以前研究较少的互动对话过程。我们分享了精心详细的方法和开源脚本，以便系统地将我们的方法扩展到新的语境和语言中。
Zotero 插件