Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA.
Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2023 Mar;139:102328. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2023.102328. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
Following exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), a coordinated host response comprising both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is critical for pathogen control. Although tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the impact of HIV infection on Mtb-specific immune responses remains unclear. In this cross-sectional study of TB-exposed household contacts with and without HIV, we collected remaining supernatant from interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) testing (QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus [QFT-Plus]) and measured Mtb-specific pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and regulatory cytokine responses with a multiplex assay of 11 analytes. While people with HIV had lower responses to mitogen stimulation for some cytokines (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF], interleukin [IL]-2, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-22), there was no difference in cytokine levels for people with and without HIV following stimulation with Mtb-specific antigens. Future studies are necessary to explore whether changes in Mtb-specific cytokine responses over time are associated with distinct clinical outcomes following exposure to TB.
在接触结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）后，由促炎和抗炎细胞因子组成的宿主协调反应对于病原体控制至关重要。尽管结核病（TB）仍然是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者死亡的主要原因，但 HIV 感染对 Mtb 特异性免疫反应的影响仍不清楚。在这项针对有和没有 HIV 的 TB 暴露家庭接触者的横断面研究中，我们收集了干扰素-γ释放试验（IGRA）检测（QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus [QFT-Plus]）的剩余上清液，并使用 11 种分析物的多重分析测量了 Mtb 特异性促炎、抗炎和调节性细胞因子反应。虽然 HIV 感染者对某些细胞因子（粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子 [GM-CSF]、白细胞介素 [IL]-2、IL-10、IL-17A、IL-22）的有丝分裂原刺激反应较低，但在 Mtb 特异性抗原刺激后，有和没有 HIV 的人的细胞因子水平没有差异。未来的研究需要探讨 Mtb 特异性细胞因子反应随时间的变化是否与 TB 暴露后的不同临床结局有关。
