Cyprus International University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Lefkoşa, Turkey.
Baskent University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey.
Sports Health. 2023 May;15(3):349-356. doi: 10.1177/19417381231155192. Epub 2023 Mar 5.
Maintaining scapular mechanics is important for upper extremity functionality and posture. Determining the extent to which the scapular stabilizer muscles affect the scapular position may guide the creation of an exercise program for people with scapular dyskinesis.
The serratus anterior (SA), upper trapezius (UT), middle trapezius (MT), and lower trapezius (LT) muscles play different roles on scapular position when humeral elevation increase.
Cross-sectional study.
Level 4.
A total of 70 women aged 40 to 65 years (mean age, 49 ± 7 years) who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Isometric muscle strength of the SA, UT, MT, and LT was evaluated with a handheld dynamometer. For assessment of scapular position, the lateral scapular slide test (LSST) was used. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to evaluate scapular parameters.
There were positive and statistically significant correlations between the isometric muscle strength of the SA, UT, MT, and LT muscles and the values at different humerus positions in the LSST ( < 0.05). The UT and SA muscles greatly affected the changes in the position of the inferior region of the scapula ( > 24.5%). The LT (11.3%) in neutral position, MT (25.4%) with arm abducted at 45°, and SA (34.5%) with arm abducted 90° had a major effect on the changes in the mediolateral position of the scapula.
While the LT muscle affects the mediolateral position of the scapula to a large extent, the strength of the MT and SA muscles becomes effective as the shoulder elevation increases. SA and UT muscle strength have a greater effect on the position of the inferior region of the scapula.
Dyskinesis can be observed at different levels of the scapula; therefore, it is important to determine at which level the dyskinesis is more prominent for each individual and consequently to form a personalized exercise program to increase function and control dyskinesis.
维持肩胛骨力学对于上肢功能和姿势很重要。确定肩胛骨稳定肌对肩胛骨位置的影响程度可能有助于为肩胛骨运动障碍患者制定锻炼计划。
在肱骨抬高增加时，前锯肌（SA）、上斜方肌（UT）、中斜方肌（MT）和下斜方肌（LT）在肩胛骨位置上发挥不同的作用。
横断面研究。
4 级。
共纳入符合纳入标准的 70 名 40 至 65 岁（平均年龄，49 ± 7 岁）女性。使用手持测力计评估 SA、UT、MT 和 LT 的等长肌肉力量。为了评估肩胛骨位置，使用了肩胛骨外侧滑动试验（LSST）。采用多元逐步回归分析评估肩胛骨参数。
SA、UT、MT 和 LT 肌肉的等长肌肉力量与 LSST 中不同肱骨位置的数值呈正相关且具有统计学意义（<0.05）。UT 和 SA 肌肉对肩胛骨下区域位置的变化影响较大（>24.5%）。中立位的 LT（11.3%）、外展 45°时的 MT（25.4%）和外展 90°时的 SA（34.5%）对肩胛骨的前后位置变化影响较大。
虽然 LT 肌肉对肩胛骨的前后位置有很大影响，但随着肩部抬高，MT 和 SA 肌肉的力量变得有效。SA 和 UT 肌肉力量对肩胛骨下区域的位置有更大的影响。
肩胛骨运动障碍可在不同水平观察到；因此，重要的是要确定每个个体在哪个水平上的运动障碍更为突出，从而为其制定个性化的锻炼计划，以提高功能并控制运动障碍。
