Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2022 Dec;34(5):1841-1855. doi: 10.1017/s0954579422000785. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
Genetic factors contribute to the intergenerational transmission of alcohol misuse, but not all individuals at high genetic risk develop problems. The present study examined adolescent relationships with parents, peers, and romantic partners as predictors of realized resistance, defined as high biological risk for disorder combined with a healthy outcome, to alcohol initiation, heavy episodic drinking, and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Data were from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism ( = 1,858; 49.9% female; mean age at baseline = 13.91 years). Genetic risk, indexed using family history density and polygenic risk scores for alcohol problems and AUD, was used to define alcohol resistance. Adolescent predictors included parent-child relationship quality, parental monitoring, peer drinking, romantic partner drinking, and social competence. There was little support for the hypothesis that social relationship factors would promote alcohol resistance, with the exception that higher father-child relationship quality was associated with higher resistance to alcohol initiation ( , 95% CI = -0.35, -0.03). Unexpectedly, social competence was associated with to heavy episodic drinking ( , 95% CI = 0.01, 0.20). This pattern of largely null effects underscores how little is known about resistance processes among those at high genetic risk for AUD.
遗传因素促成了酒精滥用的代际传递，但并非所有高遗传风险的个体都会出现问题。本研究考察了青少年与父母、同伴和浪漫伴侣的关系，将其作为实现抵抗的预测因素，抵抗定义为存在酒精障碍的高生物学风险，同时具有健康的结果，包括酒精起始、重度间歇性饮酒和酒精使用障碍（AUD）。数据来自酒精遗传研究合作组（=1858；49.9%为女性；基线时的平均年龄=13.91 岁）。使用家族史密度和酒精问题及 AUD 的多基因风险评分来定义酒精抵抗的遗传风险。青少年预测因素包括亲子关系质量、父母监督、同伴饮酒、浪漫伴侣饮酒和社交能力。除了父亲与孩子的关系质量越高，与酒精起始的抵抗性越高有关（β=-0.35，95%CI=-0.03，-0.05），几乎没有证据支持社交关系因素会促进酒精抵抗的假设。出乎意料的是，社交能力与重度间歇性饮酒有关（β=0.01，95%CI=0.01，0.20）。这种大部分无效的结果模式突显了在 AUD 高遗传风险人群中对抵抗过程的了解甚少。
