Babotă Mihai, Frumuzachi Oleg, Nicolescu Alexandru, Stojković Dejan, Soković Marina, Rocchetti Gabriele, Zhang Leilei, Lucini Luigi, Crișan Gianina, Mocan Andrei, Voștinaru Oliviu
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Laboratory of Chromatography, Institute of Advanced Horticulture Research of Transylvania, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Front Pharmacol. 2023 Feb 17;14:1115117. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1115117. eCollection 2023.
Heuff ex. Griseb. (Lamiaceae) is a wild thyme species endemic for Romanian Carpathian areas, frequently collected as substitute for collective herbal product , cited as antibacterial and diuretic remedy in traditional medicine. The present study aimed to evaluate the diuretic effect and antimicrobial properties of three herbal preparations (infusion-TCI, tincture-TCT and an hydroethanolic extract prepared through an optimized ultrasound-assisted method-OpTC) obtained from the aerial parts of Heuff ex. Griseb, also evaluating their comprehensive phenolic profile. diuretic effect was tested using Wistar rats treated orally with each herbal preparation (125 and 250 mg/kg dispersed in 25 ml/kg isotonic saline solution) and quantified based on cumulative urine output (ml), diuretic action and diuretic activity. Additionally, sodium and potassium excretion were monitored using a potentiometric method with selective electrodes. antibacterial and antifungal activities were assessed using -iodonitrotetrazolium chloride assay against six bacterial strains and six fungal strains by monitoring minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs), minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs). Finally, phenolic profile of the aforementioned herbal extracts was evaluated using an ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) method to check the impact of the different preparations on the most abundant and significant compounds. All the extracts exerted a mild diuretic action, TCT and OpTC inducing the most intense diuretic effect. Both herbal preparations produced a statistically significant, dose-dependent and gradual increase of the urine output, the effect being more intense at 24 h (6.63-7.13 ml/24 h). Potentiometric evaluation of urine samples collected from treated rats revealed a clear and mild natriuretic and kaliuretic effect after the administration. In terms of antimicrobial activity, (MIC-0.38 mg/ml), (MIC-0.75 mg/ml)), and var. (MIC-0.19 mg/ml) showed the greater sensitivity to the tested extracts, respectively. UHPLC-HRMS screening showed that the bioactive potential of herbal preparations was likely related to the higher amounts of phenolic acids (including rosmarinic acid), flavonoids (mainly flavones and derivatives) and other phenolics (such as different isomers of salvianolic acids) in their composition. The obtained results support the ethnopharmacological evidence regarding the mild diuretic and antibacterial potentials of the endemic wild thyme , this study being the first one that assessed the aforementioned bioactivities for this species.
Heuff ex. Griseb.（唇形科）是罗马尼亚喀尔巴阡地区特有的一种野生百里香物种，常被采集作为草药产品的替代品，在传统医学中被用作抗菌和利尿药物。本研究旨在评估从Heuff ex. Griseb.地上部分获得的三种草药制剂（浸剂 - TCI、酊剂 - TCT和通过优化超声辅助方法制备的水乙醇提取物 - OpTC）的利尿作用和抗菌特性，同时评估它们的综合酚类成分。使用Wistar大鼠口服每种草药制剂（125和250mg/kg分散于25ml/kg等渗盐溶液中）来测试利尿作用，并根据累积尿量（ml）、利尿作用和利尿活性进行量化。此外，使用带有选择性电极的电位分析法监测钠和钾的排泄。通过监测最低抑菌浓度（MICs）、最低杀菌浓度（MBCs）和最低杀真菌浓度（MFCs），使用氯化碘硝基四氮唑蓝试验评估对六种细菌菌株和六种真菌菌株的抗菌和抗真菌活性。最后，使用超高压液相色谱（UHPLC）结合高分辨率质谱（HRMS）方法评估上述草药提取物的酚类成分，以检查不同制剂对最丰富和重要化合物的影响。所有提取物均表现出轻度利尿作用，TCT和OpTC诱导的利尿作用最强。两种草药制剂均使尿量产生具有统计学意义的、剂量依赖性的逐渐增加，并在24小时时作用更强（6.63 - 7.13ml/24小时）。对处理过的大鼠收集的尿液样本进行电位分析显示，给药后有明显且轻度的利钠和利尿钾作用。在抗菌活性方面，（MIC - 0.38mg/ml）、（MIC - 0.75mg/ml）、和变种（MIC - 0.19mg/ml）分别对测试提取物表现出更高的敏感性。UHPLC - HRMS筛选表明，草药制剂的生物活性潜力可能与其成分中较高含量的酚酸（包括迷迭香酸）、黄酮类化合物（主要是黄酮和衍生物）和其他酚类物质（如丹酚酸的不同异构体）有关。所得结果支持了关于这种地方性野生百里香具有轻度利尿和抗菌潜力的民族药理学证据，本研究是首个评估该物种上述生物活性的研究。
