Ban Jiyoung, Park Jihyeon, Kim Hyesung, Yoon Kwangyong, Oh Miju, Lee Yooyoung, Lee Minju, Chang Jinhwa, Kim Byungjin, Kim Jongman, Chang Dongwoo
Section of Veterinary Imaging, Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Korea Animal Medical Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Front Vet Sci. 2023 Feb 15;10:1066420. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1066420. eCollection 2023.
Caudal articular process (CAP) dysplasia is a congenital vertebral malformation that results from the failure of ossification center of articular process located in vertebrae, which includes aplasia or hypoplasia. In previous studies, it was reported to be common in small and chondrodystrophic dogs however, investigated in limited breeds. So we aimed to confirm the prevalence and the characteristics of CAP dysplasia in various breeds, and also to investigate the association of CAP dysplasia and spinal cord myelopathy in neurologically abnormal dogs. In this multicenter, retrospective study, the clinical records and thoracic vertebral column computed tomographic (CT) images of 717 dogs between February 2016 and August 2021 were included and 119 dogs which also underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination were evaluated. Overall, 337 of 717 dogs (47.0%) had at least one thoracic CAP dysplasia and the prevalence of CAP dysplasia was significantly higher in dogs with a lower body weight ( < 0.0001). A total of 66.4% of toy breeds, 39.0% of small breeds, 20.2% of medium breeds, and 6.0% of large breeds were affected by at least one CAP dysplasia. The most affected vertebra was T4 in toy (48.1%) and small breeds (20.8%), and T5 in medium (20.8%) and large breeds (5.0%). In all groups, prevalence of CAP dysplasia between T1 and T9 was higher than post-diaphragmatic vertebrae (T10-T13). Fifty nine of 119 dogs which underwent both CT and MRI examination had symptoms of spinal cord myelopathy of T3-L3 and twenty-five of 59 dogs (42.3%) had at least one thoracic CAP dysplasia. In that 25 neurologically abnormal dogs, 41 sites of intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) were detected. However, only one dog had both CAP dysplasia and herniated disc at the same level. Also, CAP dysplasia associated non-compressive spinal myelopathy at the same level was found in the other dog. Association CAP dysplasia with spinal myelopathy is speculated but is not confirmed by this study.
尾侧关节突（CAP）发育异常是一种先天性椎体畸形，由位于椎骨的关节突骨化中心发育失败引起，包括发育不全或发育不良。在先前的研究中，据报道这种情况在小型和软骨发育不良的犬中较为常见，然而，研究的品种有限。因此，我们旨在确认不同品种中CAP发育异常的患病率和特征，并调查神经功能异常犬中CAP发育异常与脊髓脊髓病之间的关联。在这项多中心回顾性研究中，纳入了2016年2月至2021年8月期间717只犬的临床记录和胸椎计算机断层扫描（CT）图像，并对其中119只也接受了磁共振成像（MRI）检查的犬进行了评估。总体而言，717只犬中有337只（47.0%）至少有一处胸椎CAP发育异常，体重较低的犬中CAP发育异常的患病率显著更高（<0.0001）。玩具犬品种中66.4%、小型犬品种中39.0%、中型犬品种中20.2%以及大型犬品种中6.0%至少受一处CAP发育异常影响。受影响最严重的椎体在玩具犬（48.1%）和小型犬（20.8%）中是T4，在中型犬（20.8%）和大型犬（5.0%）中是T5。在所有组中，T1至T9之间CAP发育异常的患病率高于膈后椎体（T10 - T13）。在119只接受了CT和MRI检查的犬中，59只出现了T3 - L3脊髓脊髓病症状，59只犬中有25只（42.3%）至少有一处胸椎CAP发育异常。在这25只神经功能异常的犬中，检测到41处椎间盘疾病（IVDD）。然而，只有一只犬在同一水平同时存在CAP发育异常和椎间盘突出。在另一只犬中发现了CAP发育异常相关的同一水平非压迫性脊髓脊髓病。推测CAP发育异常与脊髓脊髓病有关，但本研究未证实这一点。
