School of Economics, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
College of Economics, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Apr;30(18):54205-54222. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-26151-w. Epub 2023 Mar 6.
The countries along the "Belt and Road" (B&R) have close cooperative connections economically and in trade, and these connections lead to a large amount of embodied carbon emissions and have formed a complex network of net carbon transfers. Considering 63 countries and 26 sectors, this study uses the Eora multiregional input-output (MRIO) model to construct the embodied carbon transfer networks in 1992, 1998, 2004, 2010, and 2016. Additionally, it applies the social network approach to analyze the structural characteristics and evolution of carbon flow networks in the countries and regions along the B&R. The results show that (1) from the regional perspective, the net embodied carbon flow network of trade between countries is connected with an obvious core-periphery structure. The embodied carbon transfer network generally tends to expand over time. (2) The net carbon transfer network can be divided into four blocks, among which 13 countries, such as China, India, and Russia, are part of the main spillover block, and 25 countries, such as Singapore, the UAE, and Israel, are the main beneficiary block. (3) From the sectoral perspective, the embodied carbon transfer network has generally tended to shrink. (4) The net carbon transfer network can also be divided into four blocks, with six industries, such as the wood and paper industry, constituting the main spillover block and 11 industries, such as agriculture, constituting the main beneficiary block. Our findings can provide a factual basis for the coordinated control of carbon emissions from regional and sectoral perspectives in the countries and regions along the B&R and reasonably define the responsibility of producers and consumers of embodied carbon to facilitate a more equitable and effective negotiation process for emission reductions.
“一带一路”沿线国家在经济和贸易方面联系紧密，相互合作，这些联系导致了大量隐含碳的排放，并形成了一个复杂的净碳转移网络。本研究考虑了 63 个国家和 26 个部门，利用 Eora 多区域投入产出（MRIO）模型，构建了 1992 年、1998 年、2004 年、2010 年和 2016 年的隐含碳转移网络。此外，还应用社会网络方法分析了“一带一路”沿线国家和地区碳流网络的结构特征和演化。结果表明：（1）从区域角度来看，国家间贸易的隐含碳净流网络呈现出明显的核心-边缘结构，隐含碳转移网络总体上呈现出随时间不断扩展的趋势；（2）净碳转移网络可以划分为四个区块，其中中国、印度和俄罗斯等 13 个国家属于主要溢出区块，新加坡、阿联酋和以色列等 25 个国家属于主要受益区块；（3）从部门角度来看，隐含碳转移网络总体上呈现出收缩的趋势；（4）净碳转移网络也可以划分为四个区块，木材和造纸等 6 个行业构成主要溢出区块，农业等 11 个行业构成主要受益区块。研究结果可为“一带一路”沿线国家和地区从区域和部门角度协调控制碳排放提供事实依据，合理界定隐含碳生产者和消费者的责任，为减排的公平、有效谈判进程提供便利。
