Fagard R, Van Den Broeke C, Bielen E, Amery A
Department of Pathophysiology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
Am J Cardiol. 1987 Dec 1;60(16):1362-7. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(87)90620-5.
The contribution of heredity to the interindividual variability of maximum oxygen uptake and of cardiac size and function of healthy male twins, age 18 to 31 years, was studied to evaluate the role of the heart in the inheritance of aerobic power. Twelve pairs of monozygotic and 12 pairs of dizygotic twins were examined. Weight (p less than 0.05), relative weight (Quetelet index) (p less than 0.01) and skinfold thickness (p less than 0.01) were found to be genetically determined, as well as heart rate at rest (p less than 0.05) and systolic blood pressure (p less than 0.05). Genetic variation was significant (p less than 0.05) both for absolute and for weight-adjusted oxygen uptake, measured at peak exercise on the bicycle ergometer. However, the influence of inheritance on aerobic power was not associated with a significant genetic effect on the end-diastolic left ventricular internal diameter or on its fractional shortening as assessed by echocardiography. Genetic variation had a significant (p less than 0.05) effect on left ventricular mass, but this could be attributed to the inheritance of body size. These data indicate that cardiac factors are not significantly involved in the inheritance of aerobic power and suggest that cardiac hypertrophy in athletes is secondary to training.
为评估心脏在有氧能力遗传中的作用，研究了遗传因素对18至31岁健康男性双胞胎最大摄氧量以及心脏大小和功能个体间差异的影响。研究人员检查了12对同卵双胞胎和12对异卵双胞胎。结果发现，体重（p<0.05）、相对体重（克托莱指数）（p<0.01）和皮褶厚度（p<0.01）以及静息心率（p<0.05）和收缩压（p<0.05）都由遗传决定。在自行车测力计上进行峰值运动时测量的绝对摄氧量和体重调整后的摄氧量，其遗传变异均具有显著性（p<0.05）。然而，通过超声心动图评估，遗传对有氧能力的影响与舒张末期左心室内径或其缩短分数的显著遗传效应无关。遗传变异对左心室质量有显著（p<0.05）影响，但这可能归因于体型的遗传。这些数据表明，心脏因素在有氧能力的遗传中没有显著作用，并提示运动员的心脏肥大是训练的继发结果。
