Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Dept. Environment & Health, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Dept. Environment & Health, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Chemosphere. 2023 May;324:138271. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138271. Epub 2023 Mar 4.
In support of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) global monitoring plan under the Stockholm Convention concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were determined during two years in air from 42 countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Pacific by using polyurethane foams installed in passive samplers. The compounds included were polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs), one polybrominated biphenyl and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) diastereomers. Total-DDT and PCBs were the highest in concentrations in about 50% of the samples, which shows their high persistency. Total DDT in air from the Solomon Islands ranged from 200 to 600 ng/polyurethane foam disk (PUF). However, at most locations, a decreasing trend is observed for PCBs, DDT and most other OCPs. Patterns varied per country with e.g. elevated dieldrin in air from Barbados and chlordane in air from the Philippines. A number of OCPs, such as heptachlor and its epoxides, some other chlordanes, mirex and toxaphene have decreased down to almost undetectable levels. PBB153 was hardly found and penta and octa--mix related PBDEs were also relatively low at most locations. HBCD and the decabromodiphenylether were more prominent at many locations and may even still increase. To draw more holistic conclusions more colder climate countries should be included in this program.
为支持联合国环境规划署（UNEP）在《斯德哥尔摩公约》下的全球监测计划，在两年的时间里，利用安装在被动采样器中的聚氨酯泡沫，在亚洲、非洲、拉丁美洲和太平洋的 42 个国家的空气中测定了持久性有机污染物（POPs）的浓度。所包括的化合物有多氯联苯（PCBs）、有机氯农药（OCPs）、多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）、一种多溴联苯和六溴环十二烷（HBCD）非对映异构体。在大约 50%的样本中，总滴滴涕和多氯联苯的浓度最高，这表明它们具有很高的持久性。在所罗门群岛空气中的总滴滴涕含量范围为 200 至 600ng/块聚氨酯泡沫（PUF）。然而，在大多数地点，PCBs、滴滴涕和大多数其他 OCPs 的浓度呈下降趋势。每个国家的情况各不相同，例如巴巴多斯空气中的狄氏剂和菲律宾空气中的氯丹含量较高。一些 OCPs，如七氯及其环氧化物、其他一些氯丹、灭蚁灵和毒杀芬，已减少到几乎无法检测的水平。五溴联苯 153 几乎未被发现，而且在大多数地点，五溴和八溴混合相关的多溴二苯醚含量也相对较低。在许多地点，HBCD 和十溴二苯醚更为突出，甚至可能仍在增加。为了得出更全面的结论，应在该方案中纳入更多较冷气候的国家。
