Bakshi Sanket S, Choudhary Mahak, Agrawal Aman, Chakole Swarupa
Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.
Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Feb 2;15(2):e34558. doi: 10.7759/cureus.34558. eCollection 2023 Feb.
Hypertension is one of the most notorious non-communicable diseases the medical fraternity is dealing with in this decade. A wide array of medications have been included in the treatment regimen, one of which is calcium channel blockers. Amlodipine is commonly administered from this class. The reports of adverse drug reactions to the intake of amlodipine are very scarce to date. Association of gingival hyperplasia with the administration of this drug is rare and is what we have reported in this case. The theory that is being put forward for this adverse reaction is that the gingival fibroblasts are induced via the proliferative signaling pathways in association with the formation of bacterial plaques. Several classes of drugs other than calcium channel blockers are known to cause this reaction. Anti-epileptics along with anti-psychotic drugs are comparatively more prevalent. Thorough scaling and root planing are used to identify and treat amlodipine-induced gingival hypertrophy. The cause of gingival expansion is unknown, and there is currently no cure other than surgically removing the enlarged tissue and maintaining better dental hygiene. Immediate stoppage of the causative drug is advised in these cases along with the surgical remodeling of the affected gingiva.
高血压是医学界在这十年中所应对的最臭名昭著的非传染性疾病之一。治疗方案中纳入了各种各样的药物，其中之一是钙通道阻滞剂。氨氯地平是这类药物中常用的一种。迄今为止，关于服用氨氯地平的药物不良反应报告非常稀少。服用该药物与牙龈增生的关联很罕见，而这正是我们在此病例中所报告的情况。针对这种不良反应所提出的理论是，牙龈成纤维细胞是通过与细菌菌斑形成相关的增殖信号通路被诱导的。已知除钙通道阻滞剂外，还有几类药物会引起这种反应。抗癫痫药和抗精神病药相对更为常见。彻底的龈上洁治和龈下刮治用于识别和治疗氨氯地平引起的牙龈肥大。牙龈增生的原因尚不清楚，目前除了手术切除增生组织并保持更好的口腔卫生外，没有其他治愈方法。在这些病例中，建议立即停用致病药物，并对受影响的牙龈进行手术重塑。
