Mathe Nonkululeko, Millard Lourens, Breukelman Gerrit Jan, Mathunjwa Musa
Department of Human Movement Science, University of Zululand, Kwadlangezwa, South Africa.
Front Sports Act Living. 2023 Feb 20;5:1109967. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1109967. eCollection 2023.
There is conflicting evidence regarding whether athletes have better visio-spatial skills than non-athletes. This gap may result from athletes' superiority in only some visio-spatial abilities (VSS), rather than all areas of vision. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a significant difference in the visio-spatial intelligence between female netball players ( = 40) and non-athletes ( = 40) when comparing six visual skills (accommodation facility, saccadic eye movement, speed of recognition, peripheral awareness, hand-eye coordination, and visual memory). Following an optometric evaluation, the participants were assessed in six distinct established tests, including the hart near far rock, saccadic eye movement, evasion, accumulator, ball wall toss tests, and flash memory, to evaluate the VSS components of non-athletes and premier league netball players. For five of the six tests, there was a statistically significant ( ≤ 0.05) difference between netball players and non-athletes. Conversely, there is no concrete evidence that netball players have better visual memory than non-athletes ( = 0.277). When compared to non-athletes, netball players have significantly improved accommodation facility ( < .001), saccadic eye movements ( < .001), speed of recognition ( < .001), peripheral awareness ( < .001), and hand-eye coordination ( < .001), but not visual memory ( = 0.277). The findings that netball players perform better on a certain VSS have broad ramifications for theories of sport vision, the optimal way to choose tests, and the creation of VSS testing batteries for specific sports.
关于运动员是否比非运动员拥有更好的视觉空间技能，存在相互矛盾的证据。这种差距可能是由于运动员仅在某些视觉空间能力（VSS）方面具有优势，而非在所有视觉领域。本研究的目的是在比较六项视觉技能（调节能力、眼跳运动、识别速度、周边感知、手眼协调和视觉记忆）时，确定女子无挡板篮球运动员（n = 40）和非运动员（n = 40）之间的视觉空间智力是否存在显著差异。经过验光评估后，参与者通过六项不同的既定测试进行评估，包括哈特近远注视、眼跳运动、躲避、累加器、抛球碰壁测试和闪光记忆，以评估非运动员和超级联赛无挡板篮球运动员的VSS组成部分。在六项测试中的五项中，无挡板篮球运动员和非运动员之间存在统计学上的显著差异（p≤0.05）。相反，没有确凿证据表明无挡板篮球运动员的视觉记忆比非运动员更好（p = 0.277）。与非运动员相比，无挡板篮球运动员在调节能力（p < 0.001）、眼跳运动（p < 0.001）、识别速度（p < 0.001）、周边感知（p < 0.001）和手眼协调（p < 0.001）方面有显著改善，但在视觉记忆方面没有（p = 0.277）。无挡板篮球运动员在特定VSS上表现更好的这一发现，对运动视觉理论、选择测试的最佳方式以及为特定运动创建VSS测试组合具有广泛的影响。
