Choi Jin-Hui, Koo Bon-Hoon, Seo Wan-Seok, Cheon Eun-Jin, Sung Hyung-Mo, Kim Ji Yean, Jeong Hyun-Seok, Kim Younggyo, Kim Hye-Geum
Gimcheon Medical Center, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea.
Department of Psychiatry, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Psychiatry Investig. 2023 Feb;20(2):109-119. doi: 10.30773/pi.2022.0223. Epub 2023 Feb 23.
This study aimed to explore the characteristics and factors related to changes in cognitive function in vulnerable individuals with cognitive impairment during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Among patients who visited a local university hospital with subjective cognitive complaints, those who had been tested for cognitive function at least once after the onset of COVID-19 and tested regularly at least three times within the last 5 years were included (1st, the initial screening; 2nd, the test immediately before the COVID-19 pandemic; 3rd, the most recent test after the pandemic). Finally, 108 patients were included in this study. They were divided into groups according to whether the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) was maintained/improved and deteriorated. We investigated the characteristics of the changes in cognitive function and related factors during COVID-19.
When comparing CDR changes before and after COVID-19, there was no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.317). Alternatively, the main effect of the time when the test was conducted was significant (p<0.001). There was also a significant difference in the interaction between the groups and time. When the effect of the interaction was analyzed, the CDR score of the maintained/ improved group significantly decreased before COVID-19 (1st-2nd) (p=0.045). After COVID-19 (2nd-3rd), the CDR score of the deteriorated group was significantly higher than that of the maintained/improved group (p<0.001). Mini-Mental State Examination recall memory and changes in activity during COVID-19 were significantly associated with CDR deterioration.
Memory dysfunction and decreased activity during the COVID-19 pandemic are strongly related to the deterioration of cognitive impairment.
本研究旨在探讨2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间认知功能受损的脆弱个体认知功能变化的特征及相关因素。
在因主观认知主诉前往当地大学医院就诊的患者中，纳入那些在COVID-19发病后至少接受过一次认知功能测试且在过去5年内至少定期测试三次的患者（第一次，初始筛查；第二次，COVID-19大流行前的测试；第三次，大流行后的最近一次测试）。最终，108名患者纳入本研究。根据临床痴呆评定量表（CDR）是维持/改善还是恶化将他们分组。我们调查了COVID-19期间认知功能变化的特征及相关因素。
比较COVID-19前后的CDR变化时，两组之间无显著差异（p = 0.317）。另外，测试时间的主效应显著（p < 0.001）。组与时间之间的交互作用也有显著差异。分析交互作用的效应时，维持/改善组的CDR评分在COVID-19之前（第一次 - 第二次）显著下降（p = 0.045）。COVID-19之后（第二次 - 第三次），恶化组的CDR评分显著高于维持/改善组（p < 0.001）。简易精神状态检查表回忆记忆和COVID-19期间的活动变化与CDR恶化显著相关。
COVID-19大流行期间的记忆功能障碍和活动减少与认知障碍的恶化密切相关。
