Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Institute for Myeloma and Bone Cancer Research, West Hollywood, California, USA.
Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2023 May;6(5):e1803. doi: 10.1002/cnr2.1803. Epub 2023 Mar 9.
Multiple myeloma (MM) patients have variable responses to mRNA vaccination to COVID-19. Little is known regarding their vaccine-induced antibody levels over time.
We monitored spike IgG antibody levels over 24 weeks among a subset of 18 MM patients who showed a full response after two mRNA vaccinations.
MM patients had a more rapid decline in antibody levels as compared to eight healthy controls, with power law half-lives of 72 days (vs. 107 days) and exponential half-lives of 37 days (vs. 51 days). The patients with longer SARS-CoV-2 antibody half-lives were more likely to have undetectable monoclonal protein than those with shorter half-lives, suggesting better disease control may correlate with longer duration of vaccine-induced antibodies. Regardless, by 16 weeks post-second dose of mRNA vaccination, the majority of patients had antibody levels below 250 binding arbitrary units per milliliter, which would be unlikely to contribute to preventing COVID-19.
Thus, even MM patients who respond adequately to vaccination are likely to require more frequent booster doses than the general population.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者对 mRNA 疫苗接种 COVID-19 的反应各不相同。目前尚不清楚他们的疫苗诱导抗体水平随时间的变化情况。
我们监测了 18 名 MM 患者中的一部分在接受两剂 mRNA 疫苗接种后产生完全反应的患者，在 24 周内监测了刺突 IgG 抗体水平。
与 8 名健康对照者相比，MM 患者的抗体水平下降更快，幂律半衰期为 72 天（vs. 107 天），指数半衰期为 37 天（vs. 51 天）。抗体半衰期较长的患者与半衰期较短的患者相比，无单克隆蛋白的可能性更高，这表明更好的疾病控制可能与疫苗诱导的抗体持续时间更长相关。无论如何，在接受第二剂 mRNA 疫苗接种后 16 周，大多数患者的抗体水平低于 250 个结合单位/毫升，这可能不太可能有助于预防 COVID-19。
因此，即使是对疫苗有充分反应的 MM 患者，也可能需要比一般人群更频繁地接种加强针。
