Zafari Mitra, Sadeghipour Roudsari Masoumeh, Yarmohammadi Soudabeh, Jahangirimehr Azam, Marashi Tayebeh
School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Psychogeriatrics. 2023 May;23(3):442-449. doi: 10.1111/psyg.12952. Epub 2023 Mar 9.
Mental health of the elderly is one of the health problems in most societies. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual well-being (SWB), resilience, and depression among the elderly.
This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 384 elderly selected by convenience-sampling method. Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT), SWB, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were used to collect the data. Pearson correlation coefficient, analysis of variance and independent t-test were used to analyze the data. A path analysis was also run to test the direct and indirect effects of SWB and resilience on the depression variable.
The results showed a statistically significant positive correlation between SWB and resilience (r = 0.458, P < 0.001), a statistically significant negative correlation between SWB and depression (r = -0.471, P < 0.001) and between resilience and depression (r = -0.371, P < 0.001). Path analysis showed that SWB and resilience directly affected depression while SWB indirectly affected depression.
The results indicated there was an inverse relationship between SWB and resilience with depression. Religious programs and appropriate educational programs can help improve SWB and promote resilience in the elderly, which will reduce their depression symptoms.
老年人的心理健康是大多数社会面临的健康问题之一。本研究旨在调查老年人的精神幸福感（SWB）、心理韧性与抑郁之间的关系。
本描述性相关性研究采用便利抽样法选取了384名老年人。使用简易精神状态检查表（AMT）、精神幸福感量表、康纳-戴维森心理韧性量表（CD-RISC）和老年抑郁量表（GDS）收集数据。采用皮尔逊相关系数、方差分析和独立样本t检验对数据进行分析。还进行了路径分析，以检验精神幸福感和心理韧性对抑郁变量的直接和间接影响。
结果显示，精神幸福感与心理韧性之间存在统计学上显著的正相关（r = 0.458，P < 0.001），精神幸福感与抑郁之间存在统计学上显著的负相关（r = -0.471，P < 0.001），心理韧性与抑郁之间也存在统计学上显著的负相关（r = -0.371，P < 0.001）。路径分析表明，精神幸福感和心理韧性直接影响抑郁，而精神幸福感间接影响抑郁。
结果表明，精神幸福感和心理韧性与抑郁之间存在负相关关系。宗教活动和适当的教育项目有助于提高老年人的精神幸福感，增强其心理韧性，从而减轻他们的抑郁症状。
