Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, 219 Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA, 16802, United States; Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, 314 Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA, 16802, United States.
REAL Prevention, LLC, Clifton, New Jersey, United States.
Addict Behav. 2023 Aug;143:107673. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107673. Epub 2023 Feb 28.
This study is a formative assessment of REAL Parenting (RP): a brief, digital intervention for parents of high school students that encourages parent-teen communication about alcohol and, in turn, aims to prevent teen alcohol use. The aims of this study were to describe engagement with, and acceptability and usability of RP; and to explore the relationship of these measures with each other and with short-term outcomes. Participants were 160 parents randomly assigned to the treatment group who received RP as part of a randomized pilot trial (M = 45.43[SD = 7.26], 59.3% female, 56% White, 19% Hispanic). App-based program analytics captured real-time engagement with RP. Parents completed self-report measures of acceptability, usability, perceived communication effectiveness, perceived self-efficacy to communicate, and frequency of communication post-intervention. Descriptive statistics were calculated to describe engagement, acceptability and usability, and zero-order correlations were calculated to examine associations between these and self-report variables. About 75% (n = 118) of parents accessed the intervention and two-thirds (n = 110) accessed at least one module. Self-report ratings of acceptability and usability were neutral to positive, and mothers liked RP more than fathers. Self-report, but not program analytic indicators were associated with short-term outcomes. Findings suggest that, with little incentive, most parents will access an app focused on parent-teen communication about alcohol. While parent feedback was positive, it also highlighted areas for improvement with app content and design. Correlations suggest that analytic metrics of engagement are useful to discern who is and is not using interventions, and self-report measures are important for understanding pathways by which interventions are associated with short-term outcomes.
这项研究是对 REAL 育儿（RP）的形成性评估：这是一种针对高中生家长的简短数字干预措施，鼓励家长与青少年就饮酒问题进行沟通，进而旨在预防青少年饮酒。本研究的目的是描述 RP 的参与度、可接受性和可用性；并探讨这些措施与彼此之间以及与短期结果的关系。参与者是 160 名随机分配到治疗组的父母，他们作为随机试点试验的一部分接受了 RP（M=45.43[SD=7.26]，59.3%为女性，56%为白人，19%为西班牙裔）。基于应用程序的程序分析捕捉了与 RP 的实时互动。父母完成了接受度、可用性、感知沟通有效性、感知沟通自我效能和干预后沟通频率的自我报告测量。计算了描述性统计数据以描述参与度、可接受性和可用性，并计算了零阶相关以检查这些与自我报告变量之间的关联。大约 75%（n=118）的父母访问了干预措施，三分之二（n=110）的父母至少访问了一个模块。自我报告的可接受性和可用性评分呈中性至积极，母亲比父亲更喜欢 RP。自我报告，但不是程序分析指标与短期结果相关。研究结果表明，在没有激励的情况下，大多数父母将访问专注于家长与青少年就饮酒问题进行沟通的应用程序。虽然父母的反馈是积极的，但它也强调了应用程序内容和设计需要改进的领域。相关性表明，参与度的分析指标有助于区分谁在使用干预措施，谁没有使用干预措施，自我报告测量对于理解干预措施与短期结果相关的途径很重要。
