Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 9;13(1):3986. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-30984-3.
Historical targets for country-level animal rabies testing volumes were abandoned due to ethical and welfare concerns, and interpretation challenges of testing healthy animals. To-date, no quantitative threshold has been established for evaluating adequate surveillance capacity specific to suspected rabid animals. The purpose here is to establish quantitative testing thresholds for rabies suspected animals to assess a country's rabies surveillance capacity. Animal rabies testing data was obtained from official and unofficial rabies surveillance platforms from 2010 to 2019 and supplemented with official country reports and published literature. Testing rates were determined for all-animal and domestic animals, and standardized per 100,000 estimated human population; the domestic animal rate was also standardized per 100,000 estimated dog population. There were 113 countries that reported surveillance data eligible for analysis. Countries reporting the most data were under WHO categories as having endemic human rabies or no dog rabies. The annual median all-animal testing rate for all countries was 1.53 animals/100,000 human population (IQR 0.27-8.78). Three proposed testing rate thresholds are an all-animal rate of 1.9 animals/100,000 humans, a domestic animal per human rate of 0.8 animals/100,000 humans, and a domestic animal per dog rate of 6.6 animals/100,000 dogs. These three peer-derived rabies testing thresholds for passive surveillance can be used to facilitate assessment of a country's rabies surveillance capacity.
由于伦理和福利问题以及对健康动物检测的解释挑战，国家级动物狂犬病检测量的历史目标已被放弃。迄今为止，尚未为评估特定于疑似狂犬病动物的充分监测能力建立适当的定量阈值。本研究旨在为疑似狂犬病动物建立定量检测阈值，以评估一个国家的狂犬病监测能力。从 2010 年至 2019 年，从官方和非官方狂犬病监测平台获取动物狂犬病检测数据，并辅以官方国家报告和已发表的文献。确定了所有动物和家畜的检测率，并按每 10 万估计人口标准化；还按每 10 万估计犬只数量标准化了家畜的检测率。有 113 个国家报告了符合分析条件的监测数据。报告数据最多的国家属于世界卫生组织规定的人类狂犬病地方性流行或无犬狂犬病的类别。所有国家的年度中位数全动物检测率为 1.53 只/10 万人口（IQR 0.27-8.78）。提出了三个检测率阈值，即全动物率为 1.9 只/10 万人口，每 10 万人口的家畜率为 0.8 只/10 万人口，以及每 10 万只犬的家畜率为 6.6 只/10 万只犬。这三个基于同行的狂犬病被动监测检测阈值可用于促进对一个国家狂犬病监测能力的评估。
