Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 44191 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 4;20(5):4560. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054560.
The current study aimed to test the relationships between perfectionism, type A personality, and work addiction via mediator of extrinsic work motivation and moderators of both parent work addiction and demanding organization profiles. A cross-sectional study was carried out using an online self-report questionnaire. A sample consisted of 621 employees working in different Lithuanian organizations that were selected on the basis of the convenience principle. Prior to testing the hypotheses, latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted in order to identify the subgroups of participants based on situational variables. Two profiles (i.e., 'less addicted parents' and 'more addicted parents') for parent work addiction and tree profiles (i.e., 'slightly demanding organization', 'moderately demanding organization', 'highly demanding organization') for a demanding organization emerged from LPA. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Main results revealed that direct relationships between perfectionism, type A personality, and work addiction were positive and stronger for those working in highly demanding organizations. Indirect relationships between perfectionism, type A personality, and work addiction (via extrinsic motivation) were positive and stronger for employees who have parents with higher levels of work addiction. Future researchers and those who implement preventive practices should be aware that personal factors can be the first impetus for work addiction, and the second one (comprised of situational factors in a family and organization) can enhance the expression of these personal factors and stimulate the development of work addiction.
本研究旨在通过外在工作动机的中介作用以及父母工作成瘾和要求苛刻的组织特征的调节作用来检验完美主义、A型人格与工作成瘾之间的关系。采用横断面研究方法，使用在线自我报告问卷对 621 名在不同立陶宛组织工作的员工进行了研究。在检验假设之前，先进行潜在剖面分析（LPA），根据情境变量对参与者进行分组。LPA 结果显示，父母工作成瘾呈现出两个亚组（即“父母工作成瘾程度较低”和“父母工作成瘾程度较高”），要求苛刻的组织呈现出三个亚组（即“组织要求程度较低”、“组织要求程度中等”和“组织要求程度较高”）。采用结构方程模型检验假设。主要结果表明，完美主义、A型人格与工作成瘾之间的直接关系为正相关，且在高度要求的组织中更为强烈。完美主义、A型人格与工作成瘾之间的间接关系（通过外在动机）为正相关，且在父母工作成瘾程度较高的员工中更为强烈。未来的研究人员和实施预防措施的人员应该意识到，个人因素可能是工作成瘾的第一个推动力，而第二个因素（由家庭和组织中的情境因素组成）可以增强这些个人因素的表达，并刺激工作成瘾的发展。
