School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai 200093, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 5;20(5):4603. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054603.
Since the beginning of March 2022, a new round of COVID-19 outbreaks in Shanghai has led to a sharp increase in the number of infected people. It is important to identify possible pollutant transmission routes and predict potential infection risks for infectious diseases. Therefore, this study investigated the cross-diffusion of pollutants caused by natural ventilation, including external windows and indoor ventilation windows, under three wind directions in a densely populated building environment with the CFD method. In this study, CFD building models were developed based on an actual dormitory complex and surrounding buildings under realistic wind conditions to reproduce the airflow fields and transmission paths of pollutants. This paper adopted the Wells-Riley model to assess the risk of cross-infection. The biggest risk of infection was when a source room was located on the windward side, and the risk of infection in other rooms on the same side as the source room was large in the windward direction. When pollutants were released from room 8, north wind resulted in the highest concentration of pollutants in room 28, reaching 37.8%. This paper summarizes the transmission risks related to the indoor and outdoor environments of compact buildings.
自 2022 年 3 月初以来，上海新一轮 COVID-19 疫情爆发，感染人数急剧增加。确定可能的污染物传播途径并预测传染病的潜在感染风险非常重要。因此，本研究采用 CFD 方法，研究了在人口密集建筑环境中，三种风向条件下，自然通风（包括外窗和室内通风窗）引起的污染物交叉扩散。本研究基于实际的宿舍区和周围建筑物，在实际风况下建立了 CFD 建筑模型，以再现气流场和污染物的传播途径。本文采用 Wells-Riley 模型评估交叉感染的风险。当源室位于迎风面时，感染风险最大，而与源室同侧的其他房间在迎风方向的感染风险较大。当污染物从 8 号房间释放出来时，北风导致 28 号房间的污染物浓度最高，达到 37.8%。本文总结了与紧凑型建筑的室内外环境相关的传播风险。
