Centre for Polymer and Material Technologies, Department of Materials, Textile and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, Technologiepark, 130, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Department of Materials, Textile and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, Technologiepark, 125, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
Molecules. 2023 Mar 3;28(5):2344. doi: 10.3390/molecules28052344.
The assessment of the extent of degradation of polymer molecules during processing via conventional (e.g., extrusion and injection molding) and emerging (e.g., additive manufacturing; AM) techniques is important for both the final polymer material performance with respect to technical specifications and the material circularity. In this contribution, the most relevant (thermal, thermo-mechanical, thermal-oxidative, hydrolysis) degradation mechanisms of polymer materials during processing are discussed, addressing conventional extrusion-based manufacturing, including mechanical recycling, and AM. An overview is given of the most important experimental characterization techniques, and it is explained how these can be connected with modeling tools. Case studies are incorporated, dealing with polyesters, styrene-based materials, and polyolefins, as well as the typical AM polymers. Guidelines are formulated in view of a better molecular scale driven degradation control.
聚合物分子在加工过程中降解程度的评估对于最终聚合物材料的技术规格性能和材料的循环利用都很重要，无论是采用传统（例如挤出和注塑成型）还是新兴（例如增材制造；AM）技术。在本贡献中，讨论了聚合物材料在加工过程中最相关的（热、热机械、热氧化、水解）降解机制，涉及基于传统挤出的制造，包括机械回收和 AM。概述了最重要的实验特性化技术，并解释了如何将这些技术与建模工具联系起来。结合案例研究，涉及聚酯、苯乙烯基材料和聚烯烃以及典型的 AM 聚合物。制定了一些指南，以期更好地从分子尺度控制降解。
