Fleeman Linda, Gilor Chen
Animal Diabetes Australia, 5 Hood Street, Collingwood, Victoria 3066, Australia.
Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 2015 Southwest 16th Avenue, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2023 May;53(3):615-633. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.02.002. Epub 2023 Mar 9.
Understanding the pharmacology of insulin and how it relates to the pathophysiology of diabetes can lead to better clinical outcomes. No insulin formulation should be considered "best" by default. Insulin suspensions (NPH, NPH/regular mixes, lente, and PZI) as well as insulin glargine U100 and detemir are intermediate-acting formulations that are administered twice daily. For a formulation to be an effective and safe basal insulin, its action should be roughly the same every hour of the day. Currently, only insulin glargine U300 and insulin degludec meet this standard in dogs, whereas in cats, insulin glargine U300 is the closest option.
了解胰岛素的药理学及其与糖尿病病理生理学的关系有助于取得更好的临床效果。默认情况下，不应认为任何胰岛素制剂是“最佳的”。胰岛素混悬液（NPH、NPH/常规混合液、中效胰岛素锌悬液和鱼精蛋白锌胰岛素）以及甘精胰岛素U100和地特胰岛素都是中效制剂，每日给药两次。一种制剂要成为有效且安全的基础胰岛素，其作用在一天中的每一小时应大致相同。目前，在犬类中只有甘精胰岛素U300和德谷胰岛素符合这一标准，而在猫类中，甘精胰岛素U300是最接近的选择。
