MPH Program, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Setad Square, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.
Department of Health Promotion, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
BMC Prim Care. 2023 Mar 13;24(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s12875-023-02015-7.
Girls can use their mother's emotional, informational and behavioral support to perform healthy behaviors due to their constant access to their mothers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of role modeling and maternal support in the family to improve healthy behaviors and perceived Family Health Climate (FHC) in female students.
In this educational quasi-experimental study, 261 female students (133 in the intervention group and 128 in the control group) and 223 mothers (109 intervention and 114 control) were selected using the cluster multi-stages sampling method and entered the study. Participants (intervention and control groups) completed the FHC scale at three stages (before intervention, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after intervention). A training program that comprised 12 sessions for students and six sessions for their mothers using collaborative learning techniques and printed materials was conducted with the experimental group. Also after completing the questionnaire in the follow-up phase, pamphlets and educational videos were given to the control group. Data were analyzed using SPSS20 via a chi-square test, independent t-test, and Repeated Measures ANOVA at a significance level of 0.05.
Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between demographic variables and the score of the FHC scale in both groups (p < 0.05). Immediately and 2 months after the intervention, the experimental group (female students and their mothers) showed a significant increase in dimensions of FHC, including FHC-NU (Family Health Climate-Nutrition) and FHC-PA (Family Health Climate-Physical Activity), compared to the control group (p < 0.05).
Educating and informing mothers about the impact of their role modeling on their children, especially girls, can make them more aware of health-oriented behaviors towards their children. Such findings reinforced the importance of focusing on actions to encourage a healthy lifestyle (healthy diet and physical activity) in students with a focus on role modeling and parental support, especially mothers.
由于女孩可以随时接触母亲，因此她们可以利用母亲的情感、信息和行为支持来养成健康行为。本研究旨在评估榜样作用和家庭中的母亲支持对改善女学生健康行为和感知家庭健康氛围（FHC）的影响。
在这项教育类准实验研究中，采用聚类多阶段抽样法选择了 261 名女学生（干预组 133 名，对照组 128 名）和 223 名母亲（干预组 109 名，对照组 114 名），并让她们进入研究。参与者（干预组和对照组）在三个阶段（干预前、干预后立即和干预后 2 个月）完成了 FHC 量表。对实验组学生进行了为期 12 次、对其母亲进行了为期 6 次的培训计划，使用协作学习技术和印刷材料。在随访阶段完成问卷后，还向对照组发放了小册子和教育视频。使用 SPSS20 通过卡方检验、独立 t 检验和重复测量方差分析对数据进行了分析，置信度水平为 0.05。
干预前，两组在人口统计学变量和 FHC 量表评分方面无显著差异（p>0.05）。干预后立即和 2 个月，实验组（女学生及其母亲）在 FHC 维度方面，包括 FHC-NU（家庭健康氛围-营养）和 FHC-PA（家庭健康氛围-体育活动），与对照组相比，得分显著增加（p<0.05）。
教育和告知母亲榜样作用对其子女的影响，尤其是对女孩的影响，可以使她们更加意识到针对子女的健康行为。这些发现强调了关注鼓励学生养成健康生活方式（健康饮食和体育活动）的行动的重要性，特别强调了榜样作用和父母支持，尤其是母亲的支持。
