Ren Zhenhui, Zhang Huixia, Yang Liu, Chen Xin, Zhang Shuai, Chen Shiqi, Li Daowen, Li Cun, Jiang Haiyang
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China.
Analyst. 2023 Mar 27;148(7):1603-1610. doi: 10.1039/d2an02051c.
poisoning is a major type of poisoning caused by herbal medicines in many countries. However, despite its toxicity, is still used because of its therapeutic value. Fuzi, the lateral root of , is one of the most important pharmacological parts. It is necessary for rational medication to figure out the types and contents of toxic alkaloids (AAs) in Fuzi and its processed products. The present study aims to investigate the spatial distribution of toxic AAs in Fuzi and the quantification of AAs in various processing products through mass spectrometry methods. In this study, desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) was used to directly image the sections of raw Fuzi. The results showed a high content of diester alkaloids (DAs) and a relatively uniform distribution in the sections, while the content of monoester alkaloids (MAs) was low and uneven in the sections, distributed in the cortex, epidermis, vascular column, and other parts of the tissues. The content of non-ester alkaloids (NAs) was relatively minimum, and most of the NAs were distributed in the vascular column and the tightly connected cortex of the tissue. To further investigate the difference between raw and processed Fuzi, 60 known compounds were identified using UHPLC-QTOF-MS. The total contents of alkaloids in 7 processed Fuzi were lower than that in Shengfupian (SFP). Paofupian (PFP), Paotianxiong (PTX), Paofupian (PFP*), Danfupian (DFP), and Shufupian (SFP*) were the least similar. Zhengfupian (ZFP) and Chaofupian (CFP) had significantly reduced toxicity and increased efficacy compared with other processed products because the contents of active alkaloids in other processed products were also reduced. Understanding the distribution of metabolites and the composition changes after processing can guide users and herbal manufacturers to carefully choose the relatively safe and better therapeutic species of Fuzi. The information gathered from this study can contribute towards the improved and effective management of therapeutically important, nonetheless toxic, drugs such as
中毒是许多国家中由草药引起的一种主要中毒类型。然而，尽管其具有毒性，但因其治疗价值仍被使用。附子，即[植物名称]的侧根，是最重要的药用部位之一。明确附子及其炮制品中有毒生物碱（AAs）的种类和含量对于合理用药很有必要。本研究旨在通过质谱方法研究附子中有毒AAs的空间分布以及各种炮制品中AAs的定量分析。在本研究中，解吸电喷雾电离质谱成像（DESI-MSI）用于直接对生附子切片成像。结果表明，双酯生物碱（DAs）含量高且在切片中分布相对均匀，而单酯生物碱（MAs）含量低且在切片中分布不均匀，分布于皮层、表皮、维管束以及组织的其他部位。非酯生物碱（NAs）含量相对最低，且大部分NAs分布于维管束以及组织紧密相连的皮层。为进一步研究生附子与炮制品附子之间的差异，使用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UHPLC-QTOF-MS）鉴定了60种已知化合物。7种炮制品附子中生物碱的总含量低于生附片（SFP）。炮附片（PFP）、炮天雄（PTX）、炮附片（PFP*）、淡附片（DFP）和熟附片（SFP*）相似度最低。与其他炮制品相比，正附片（ZFP）和炒附片（CFP）毒性显著降低且药效增强，因为其他炮制品中活性生物碱的含量也有所降低。了解代谢产物的分布以及炮制后的成分变化可以指导使用者和草药制造商谨慎选择相对安全且治疗效果更好的附子品种。本研究收集的信息有助于对具有治疗重要性但有毒的药物进行更好、更有效的管理，例如
