Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2023 Feb;91(2):57-59. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000800.
Psychology and other disciplines have exceptionally documented sexual orientation and gender identity disparities in mental and physical health outcomes with psychological antecedents. Research on sexual and gender minority (SGM) health has seen impressive growth, including the launch of dedicated conferences, journals, and designation as a disparity population for U.S. federal research purposes. From 2015 to 2020, the number of SGM-focused research projects funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) increased by 66.1% (cf. 21.8% for all NIH projects). SGM health research has expanded beyond HIV (73.0% of NIH's SGM projects in 2015 down to 59.8% in 2020) into other domains, such as mental health (41.6%), substance use disorders (23%), violence (7.2%), and transgender (21.9%) and bisexual (17.2%) health. Yet, only 8.9% of projects were clinical trials testing interventions. The need for more research on later stages in the translational research spectrum (i.e., mechanisms, intervention, implementation) to eradicate SGM health disparities is the focus of our Viewpoint article. First, research to eliminate SGM health disparities must move toward multilevel interventions aimed at cultivating health, wellbeing, and thriving. Second, research to test how psychological theories apply to SGM people can inform new theories or extend existing ones, which can spur new areas of inquiry. Third, translational SGM health research would benefit from a developmental lens to identify protective and promotive factors across the life span. Finally, using mechanistic findings to inform, develop, disseminate, and implement interventions to reduce SGM health disparities is crucial at this time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
心理学和其他学科有大量文献证明，性取向和性别认同差异会导致心理健康和身体健康结果出现差异，而这些差异存在心理前置因素。性少数群体和跨性别者（SGM）健康研究取得了显著进展，包括专门会议、期刊的创办，以及将其指定为美国联邦研究的差异人群。从 2015 年到 2020 年，美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资助的 SGM 重点研究项目数量增加了 66.1%（相比之下，所有 NIH 项目增加了 21.8%）。SGM 健康研究已经从 HIV 扩展到其他领域，如心理健康（NIH 2015 年 SGM 项目中的 41.6%，到 2020 年降至 59.8%）、物质使用障碍（23%）、暴力（7.2%）、跨性别（21.9%）和双性恋（17.2%）健康。然而，只有 8.9%的项目是临床试验，以测试干预措施。我们的观点文章聚焦于，需要更多研究来填补转化研究光谱的后期（即机制、干预、实施），以消除 SGM 健康差异。首先，消除 SGM 健康差异的研究必须转向多层次干预，旨在培养健康、幸福和繁荣。其次，研究如何将心理理论应用于 SGM 人群，可以为新理论或扩展现有理论提供信息，从而推动新的研究领域。第三，跨性别健康研究将受益于发展视角，以确定整个生命周期的保护和促进因素。最后，此时利用机制研究结果为减少 SGM 健康差异提供信息、开发、传播和实施干预措施至关重要。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
