Losada María, Martínez Cortizas Antonio M, Silvius Kirsten M, Varela Sara, Raab Ted K, Fragoso Jose M V, Sobral Mar
CRETUS - EcoPast (GI-1553), Departmento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
iScience. 2023 Jan 30;26(3):106088. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106088. eCollection 2023 Mar 17.
Diversity of plants and animals influence soil carbon through their contributions to soil organic matter (SOM). However, we do not know whether mammal and tree communities affect SOM composition in the same manner. This question is relevant because not all forms of carbon are equally resistant to mineralization by microbes and thus, relevant to carbon storage. We analyzed the elemental and molecular composition of 401 soil samples, with relation to the species richness of 83 mammal and tree communities at a landscape scale across 4.8 million hectares in the northern Amazon. We found opposite effects of mammal and tree richness over SOM composition. Mammal diversity is related to SOM rich in nitrogen, sulfur and iron whereas tree diversity is related to SOM rich in aliphatic and carbonyl compounds. These results help us to better understand the role of biodiversity in the carbon cycle and its implications for climate change mitigation.
植物和动物的多样性通过它们对土壤有机质（SOM）的贡献来影响土壤碳。然而，我们不知道哺乳动物群落和树木群落是否以相同的方式影响土壤有机质的组成。这个问题很重要，因为并非所有形式的碳对微生物矿化的抗性都相同，因此与碳储存相关。我们分析了401个土壤样本的元素和分子组成，并将其与亚马逊北部480万公顷景观尺度上83个哺乳动物和树木群落的物种丰富度相关联。我们发现哺乳动物和树木丰富度对土壤有机质组成有相反的影响。哺乳动物多样性与富含氮、硫和铁的土壤有机质有关，而树木多样性与富含脂肪族和羰基化合物的土壤有机质有关。这些结果有助于我们更好地理解生物多样性在碳循环中的作用及其对缓解气候变化的影响。
