Carter L, Robertson S R, Ladd J, Alpert M
Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York.
Fam Process. 1987 Dec;26(4):461-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.1987.00461.x.
Using a modified version of procedures outlined by Shapiro and Wild (9), this study evaluates the use of a Family Rorschach technique as a means of distinguishing families of schizophrenic patients from those of psychiatrically hospitalized, nonschizophrenic individuals. The patients were diagnosed using Research Diagnostic Criteria, and families were matched for age, intelligence, and socioeconomic characteristics. Results showed that the families with schizophrenic offspring scored significantly lower (that is, they had more communication and attentional difficulties) than those with nonschizophrenic offspring; offspring gender and family constellation had little effect on scores. Subsequent analyses indicated that lower scores were not simply a reflection of the psychoticism of the patient. These findings suggest that families of schizophrenics have interpersonal communication difficulties that compromise their ability to maintain a shared focus of attention. The findings are consistent with the suggestion that deviant patterns of family communication in interaction with genetic vulnerability in an offspring may result in the development of a schizophrenic disorder.
本研究采用夏皮罗和怀尔德（9）概述程序的修改版本，评估家庭罗夏测验技术作为区分精神分裂症患者家庭与精神科住院非精神分裂症患者家庭的一种方法。使用研究诊断标准对患者进行诊断，并根据年龄、智力和社会经济特征对家庭进行匹配。结果显示，有精神分裂症后代的家庭得分显著低于有非精神分裂症后代的家庭（即，他们有更多的沟通和注意力困难）；后代性别和家庭结构对得分影响不大。后续分析表明，较低的得分不仅仅是患者精神病性的反映。这些发现表明，精神分裂症患者的家庭存在人际沟通困难，这损害了他们保持共同注意力焦点的能力。这些发现与以下观点一致，即家庭沟通的异常模式与后代的遗传易感性相互作用，可能导致精神分裂症的发展。
