右苯丙胺拓宽了健康参与者的时间和空间绑定窗口。
Dexamphetamine widens temporal and spatial binding windows in healthy participants.
机构信息
From the Department of Psychiatry, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Kassim); the Psychopharmacology Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia (Kassim, Lahooti, Keay, Martin-Iverson); the Psychiatry, Graylands Hospital, Mt Claremont, Perth, WA, Australia (Iyyalol); the Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia (Rodger); the Brain Plasticity Group, Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia (Rodger); the Western Australian Centre for Road Safety Research, School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia (Albrecht)
From the Department of Psychiatry, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Kassim); the Psychopharmacology Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia (Kassim, Lahooti, Keay, Martin-Iverson); the Psychiatry, Graylands Hospital, Mt Claremont, Perth, WA, Australia (Iyyalol); the Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia (Rodger); the Brain Plasticity Group, Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia (Rodger); the Western Australian Centre for Road Safety Research, School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia (Albrecht).
出版信息
J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2023 Mar 14;48(2):E90-E98. doi: 10.1503/jpn.220149. Print 2023 Mar-Apr.
BACKGROUND
The pathophysiology of psychosis is complex, but a better understanding of stimulus binding windows (BWs) could help to improve our knowledge base. Previous studies have shown that dopamine release is associated with psychosis and widened BWs. We can probe BW mechanisms using drugs of specific interest to psychosis. Therefore, we were interested in understanding how manipulation of the dopamine or catecholamine systems affect psychosis and BWs. We aimed to investigate the effect of dexamphetamine, as a dopamine-releasing stimulant, on the BWs in a unimodal illusion: the tactile funneling illusion (TFI).
METHODS
We conducted a randomized, double-blind, counterbalanced placebo-controlled crossover study to investigate funnelling and errors of localization. We administered dexamphetamine (0.45 mg/kg) to 46 participants. We manipulated 5 spatial (5-1 cm) and 3 temporal (0, 500 and 750 ms) conditions in the TFI.
RESULTS
We found that dexamphetamine increased funnelling illusion ( = 0.009) and increased the error of localization in a delay-dependent manner ( = 0.03). We also found that dexamphetamine significantly increased the error of localization at 500 ms temporal separation and 4 cm spatial separation ( = 0.009; = 0.01).
LIMITATIONS
Although amphetamine-induced models of psychosis are a useful approach to understanding the physiology of psychosis related to dopamine hyperactivity, dexamphetamine is equally effective at releasing noradrenaline and dopamine, and, therefore, we were unable to tease apart the effects of the 2 systems on BWs in our study.
CONCLUSION
We found that dexamphetamine increases illusory perception on the unimodal TFI in healthy participants, which suggests that dopamine or other catecholamines have a role in increasing tactile spatial and temporal BWs.
背景
精神病理学的发病机制很复杂，但如果能更好地了解刺激绑定窗口（BW），我们就能进一步丰富相关的知识体系。先前的研究表明，多巴胺的释放与精神分裂症和 BW 变宽有关。我们可以使用对精神分裂症有特定作用的药物来探测 BW 机制。因此，我们有兴趣了解多巴胺或儿茶酚胺系统的操作如何影响精神分裂症和 BW。我们旨在研究安非他命（一种多巴胺释放兴奋剂）对单一感觉漏斗错觉（TFI）的 BW 的影响。
方法
我们进行了一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的交叉研究，以调查漏斗和定位错误。我们给 46 名参与者服用安非他命（0.45 毫克/千克）。我们在 TFI 中操纵了 5 个空间（5-1 厘米）和 3 个时间（0、500 和 750 毫秒）条件。
结果
我们发现安非他命增加了漏斗错觉（ = 0.009），并以延迟依赖的方式增加了定位错误（ = 0.03）。我们还发现，安非他命在 500 毫秒的时间分离和 4 厘米的空间分离时显著增加了定位错误（ = 0.009； = 0.01）。
局限性
虽然安非他命引起的精神分裂症模型是理解与多巴胺过度活跃相关的精神分裂症生理学的有用方法，但安非他命同样有效地释放去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺，因此，我们无法在我们的研究中分离这两个系统对 BW 的影响。
结论
我们发现安非他命增加了健康参与者对单一感觉 TFI 的幻觉感知，这表明多巴胺或其他儿茶酚胺在增加触觉空间和时间 BW 方面发挥作用。
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